50m实艇快速上浮脱险时艇员应激功能的变化

目的 探讨50 m实艇快速上浮脱险时艇员应激功能的变化.方法 结合部队训练进行了4人次50 m实艇快速上浮脱险试验,分别于脱险前后观察艇员血压、心率及唾液中皮质醇、分泌型免疫球蛋白A浓度的变化.参训艇员在脱险后30 min内填写美国国家航空航天局任务负荷指数(NASA-TLX)量表.结果快速上浮脱险后艇员收缩压(138.75±8.77) mm Hg,与脱险前(125.25±8.92)mm Hg]比较显著升高(P＜0.01)；唾液皮质醇浓度(5.35±2.16)μg/L]比脱险前(3.30±1.78)μg/L]显著增加(P＜0.05)；舒张压、心率和唾液分泌型免疫球蛋白A浓度变化无统计学意义.NASATLX量表结果表明,主观心理负荷分值总分和焦虑指数变化趋势基本一致.结论 实艇快速上浮脱险引起机体应激水平增强,可能主要由艇员认知评价导致的焦虑感增高引起.

Changes of stress response in submarine escapees following 50 m fast buoyancy ascent

Objective To explore changes of stress response in submarine escapees following 50 m fast buoyancy ascent.Methods In combination with on-site training of a certain submarine unit,four man-time air-breathing fast buoyancy ascent escapes were carried out from a depth of 50 m.Changes in blood pressure,heart rate and concentrations of cortisol and immunoglobulin A in the saliva of the submariners were detected both before and after escapes.And 30 mins after submarine escape,the escapees filled up the check list of NASA-TLX.Results The systolic pressure of the submariners 〔 ( 138.75 ± 8.77 ) mm Hg 〕 increased quite considerably following fast buoyancy ascent,when it was compared with that before escape 〔 ( 125.25 ± 8.92 )mm Hg 〕 ( P ＜ 0.01 ).The cortisol concentration in the saliva of the submariners 〔 ( 5.35 ± 2.16) μg/L 〕 also increased quite obviously following fast buoyancy ascent escape,when it was compared with that before escape〔 (3.30 ± 1.78 ) pg/L〕 ( P ＜ 0.05 ).However,no statistical significance could be noted in the changes of diastolic pressure,heart rate and concentrations of immunoglobulin A in the saliva of the submariners.Results of NASA-TLX demonstrated that total scores of subjective psychological stress were generally identical to the changes in anxiety scores.Conclusions Real submarine escape could induce a increase in the level of stress,which might be the result of an increase in the sense of anxiety with cognitive appraisal of the submariners.