短节段椎弓根螺钉固定结合椎体增强术治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折

 目的 探讨短节段椎弓根螺钉固定结合椎体增强术治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折的疗效。方法 2006年 11月至 2009年 9月采用短节段椎弓根螺钉固定结合自固化硫酸钙骨水泥椎体增强术治疗且有完整随访资料的胸腰椎爆裂性骨折患者 37例,男 21例,女 16例; 年龄 39耀60岁,平均 47.3岁。术后评估伤椎前缘高度比、矢状面 Cobb角、神经功能恢复、内固定失败率、疼痛视觉模拟评分及 Oswestry功能障碍指数。结果随访 14~37个月,平均 19个月。无内固定失败。 16例术前神经功能部分损害者 12例完全恢复,无神经功能损害加重。自固化硫酸钙平均于术后 3个月开始吸收,椎体骨折术后 5个月内愈合。伤椎前缘高度比由术前 55.40%±9.79%恢复至术后 85.46%±6.56%,最终维持在 82.35%±7.48%; 矢状面 Cobb角由术前 22.45°±7.74°恢复至术后 6.86°±5.27°,最终维持在 9.66°±5.88°。末次随访时疼痛视觉模拟评分平均 1.2,Oswestry功能障碍指数平均 20.4。结论,短节段椎弓根螺钉固定结合自固化硫酸钙骨水泥椎体增强术治疗胸腰椎爆裂性骨折安全、简便,能有效防止椎体高度丢失及进行性后凸畸形。

Short-segment transpedicular fixation combined with augmentation vertebroplasty in treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of short-segment transpedicular fixation combined with augmentation vertebroplasty in treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures. Methods From November 2006 to September 2009, 37 patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture were admitted and received transpedicular fixation combined with calcium sulfate cement augmentation vertebroplasty, and the clinical data including fracture types, complications and following-up results were collected for analysis. The multimethod evaluation strategies involved the anterior vertebral body height, the sagittal Cobb's angle, the restoration of nervous function, internal fixation failure, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were retrospective analyzed. Results All patients were followed up for average 19 months (range, 14-37). There were no internal fixation failure, loss of reduction, neurological complications in all the patients. In 16 patients with partial neurologic deficits, 14 initially improved at the final follow-up, with no deterioration of neurologic functions. The mean time of calcium sulfate cement obvious absorption and union was 3 months and 5 months postoperatively, respectively. The anterior vertebral body height was 55.40％before surgery and 85.46％ after surgery on average, ended up with 82.35％. The sagittai Cobb's angle was improved from 22.45° to 6.86°, ended up with 9.66° on average. The mean VAS and ODI at the final followup were respectively 1.2 and 20.4 on average. Conclusion Short-segment transpedicular fixation combined with augmentation vertebroplasty appears to be effective in achieving stable biomechanics with high security,which seems to be a feasible option in the management of thoracolumbar burst fractures.