松果菊苷对鱼藤酮诱导的大鼠帕金森病模型黑质多巴胺能神经元的选择性保护作用（英文）

目的：观察鱼藤酮对大鼠中脑纹状体多巴胺能神经系统、肝、肾等组织的损伤及松果菊苷的干预作用。方法：雄性健康Sprague-Dawley大鼠被随机分为对照组,模型组和低、中、高剂量松果菊苷干预组。运用鱼藤酮2.75mg/（kg·d）腹腔注射4周的方法制作大鼠帕金森病模型;对照组腹腔每日注射同等体积不含鱼藤酮的溶解液;干预组除注射鱼藤酮外,分别给予松果菊苷20、40、80mg/（kg·d）灌胃处理。运用改良神经功能缺损评分（modified neurological severity score,mNSS）测量大鼠的神经行为改变,采用试剂盒检测其肝、肾损伤的指标,酪氨酸羟化酶免疫染色观察中脑黑质多巴胺能神经元的数目,比色法测定纹状体多巴胺的含量。结果：与正常对照组比较,鱼藤酮模型组肝、肾损伤的指标明显上升（P〈0.05）,mNSS升高（P〈0.01）,黑质多巴胺能神经元数目显著减少（P〈0.05）,纹状体多巴胺含量降低（P〈0.05）;与模型组相比,松果菊苷低、中、高剂量组肝、肾功能没有显著改善（P〉0.05）,但mNSS显著降低（P〈0.05）,黑质多巴胺能神经元数增加（P〈0.05）,纹状体多巴胺含量也增加（P〈0.05）,以上保护效应呈现剂量依赖性。结论：鱼藤酮能引起大鼠严重的黑质-纹状体多巴胺能神经系统以及肝、肾等组织的损伤,松果菊苷可以选择性地改善其神经损伤。

Selective protection of nigral dopaminergic neurons by echinacoside in a rat model of Parkinson disease induced by rotenone

OBJECTIVE：To observe the protective effects of echinacoside on rotenone-induced damages in rats. METHODS：Healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing from200 to 220 g,were randomly divided into five groups with 20rats in each group：control group,rotenone group and echinacoside groups of low,medium and high doses（20,40 and 80 mg/（kg·d））.Rats in the rotenone group were injected intraperitoneally for four weeks with rotenone（2.75 mg/（kg·d））,dissolved into dimethyl sulfoxide;rats in the control group were injected intraperitoneally with dimethyl sulfoxide daily,and rats in the echinacoside groups received daily intraperitoneal injection of rotenone along with echinacoside gastric perfusion for four weeks.Modified neurological severity score was used to evaluate neurobehavior of the animals;dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra were observed by immunochemical method and dopamine concentration in striatum was determined by a fluorescence spectrophotometer.Biomarkers of liver and kidney damage were also measured. RESULTS：In the rotenone group,the rats suffered from severe neurological disability（P0.01）, and the number of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra and dopamine concentration in striatum were decreased（P0.05）compared with the normal control group;levels of the biomarkers for evaluating liver and kidney damage were increased（P0.05）.In the echinacoside groups,the neurological disability and the loss of dopaminergic neurons in substantia nigra were suppressed and dopamine concentrations in striatum were increased（P0.05）,but the liver and kidney damage was not improved（P0.05）. CONCLUSION：Rotenone causes severe damages to dopaminergic neurons,liver and kidney in rats and echinacoside selectively reverses dopaminergic neuronal injury.