2006年陆军航空兵直升机飞行员疾病谱分析

目的 研究陆军航空兵(陆航)直升机飞行员疾病谱,为航卫保障提供依据.方法 随机抽取2006年参加大体检的陆航直升机飞行员516人,查阅疾病诊断,分析疾病谱、年龄组疾病谱及主要疾病患病率,采用秩和比法比较各年龄组主要疾病类型构成.结果 ①2006年陆航直升机飞行员疾病谱的前10位疾病及其患病率分别是:脂肪肝(9.88%)、高脂血症(6.98%)、胆囊息肉(3.49%)、腰椎间盘突出症(2.33%)、窦性心动过缓(2.33%)、胆结石(2.13%)、慢性胃炎(1.74%)、肾囊肿(1.55%)、肝内钙化灶(1.36%)和高血压(1.16%).②3个年龄组陆航直升机飞行员脂肪肝患病率均较高,分别是1.98%、9.66%和45.59%.各年龄组患病率存在差异的主要疾病是脂肪肝、慢性胃炎、高脂血症、胆囊息肉、肝内钙化灶、高血压和糖尿病.③3个年龄组主要疾病类型构成的和谐系数是0.7486,各组主要疾病类型构成基本一致(χ~2=17.97,P<0.05).结论 ①陆航直升机飞行员主要疾病与我军空军飞行员基本相似,但疾病谱的前10位无歼击机飞行员常见的航空性疾病;疾病谱中多数顺位靠前的疾病患病率低于我军其他飞行员的患病率水平.②陆航直升机飞行员脂肪肝及高脂血症的患病率随年龄增长过快.各种致病因素对腰背部、颈肩部疾病的发生可能有累积作用.③在比较陆航直升机飞行员各组主要疾病类型构成的一致性时,秩和比法是一种有效的方法.

Analysis of disease spectrum of Army Aviation helicopter pilots in 2006

Objective To investigate the disease spectrum of Army Aviation helicopter pilots and provide suggestions to aeromedical service. Methods Cases of 516 helicopter pilots, who were in annual physical examination, were randomly sampled and divided into 3 groups by age. Process included reviewing diagnosis history, analyzing spectrum of disease and its distribution by age, as well as the prevalence of common diseases. Rank Sum Ratio was employed for comparing the distribution of common diseases in different age group. Results ① The top 10 diseases in helicopter pilots of the Army Aviation in 2006 were fatty liver (9.88%), hyperlipidemia (6.98%), gallbladder polypus (3.49%), lumbar disc herniation(2.33%), sinus bradycardia (2.33%), gall-stone(2.13%), chronic gastritis (1.74%), kidney cyst (1.55%), calcify of liver (1.36%) and hypertension (1.16%). ② The prevalence of fatty liver in each group was respectively 2.13%, 9. 29% and 45.59%, which was at a relative higher level The prevalence of fatty liver, chronic gastritis, hyperlipidemia, gallbladder polypus, calcify of liver, hypertension and diabetes was significantly different from each age group. ③ The WR of 3 age groups was 0.7486 and it showed a good concordance of common diagnoses in each age group (χ~2=17.97, P<0.05). Conclusions ①The common diseases of helicopter pilot of Army Aviation are prevalent as common as those of Chinese Air Force pilot on the whole. Compared to more frequent prevalence in other military pilots, no nero-related diseases appeared in the top 10 of helicopter pilots. ② The prevalence of fatty liver and hyperlipidemia increases rapidly with age. The accumulative effect of nosogenesis may exist and result in the diseases of lumber, back, neck and shoulder. ③ Rank Sum Ratio is an effective indication for comparing the concordance of common diagnoses in different group.