Exposure amount and timing of solar irradiation during pregnancy and the risk of sensitization in children |
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| Authors: | Hyun Yong Koh Eunhae Cho So-Yeon Lee Woo Kyung Kim Yong Mean Park Jihyun Kim Kangmo Ahn Seung Won Lee Mi Ae Kim Myung-Il Hahm Yoomi Chae Kee-Jae Lee Ho-Jang Kwon Man Yong Han |
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| Affiliation: | 1. CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea;2. Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;3. Department of Pediatrics, Inje University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;4. Department of Pediatrics, Konkuk University Hospital, Konkuk University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;5. Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea;6. Environmental Health Center for Atopic Diseases, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea;g. Department of Medicine, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea;h. Department of Health Administration and Management, College of Medical Science, Soonchunhyang University, Asan, South Korea;i. Department of Medical Education, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea;j. Department of Information and Statistics, Korea National Open University, Seoul, South Korea;k. Department of Preventive Medicine, Dankook University College of Medicine, Cheonan, South Korea;l. Department of Pediatrics, CHA University School of Medicine, Seongnam, South Korea |
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| Abstract: | BackgroundSolar irradiation affects sensitization to aeroallergens and the prevalence of allergic diseases. Little is known, however, about how the time and amount of solar irradiation during pregnancy affects such risks in children. We aimed to find out how solar irradiation during pregnancy affects sensitization to aero-allergens and the prevalence of allergic diseases in children.MethodsThis population-based cross-sectional study involved 7301 aged 6 years and aged 12 years children. Maternal exposure to solar irradiation during pregnancy was evaluated using data from weather stations closest to each child's birthplace. Monthly average solar irradiation during the second and third trimesters was calculated with rank by quartiles. Risks of allergic sensitization and allergic disease were estimated.ResultsRelative to the first (lowest) quartile, the adjusted odds ratio (aOR) for allergic sensitization in the fourth (highest) quartile was lowest within solar irradiation during pregnancy months 5–6 (aOR = 0.823, 95% CI 0.720–0.942, p < 0.05). During months 9–10, the aOR for allergic sensitization for the fourth was higher than the first quartile of solar irradiation (aOR = 1.167, 95% CI 1.022–1.333, p < 0.05). Similar results were observed when solar irradiation was analyzed as a continuous variable during months 5 (aOR = 0.975, 95% CI 0.962–0.989, p < 0.001) and month 9 (aOR = 1.018, 95% CI 1.004–1.031, p = 0.003). Increased solar irradiation during months 7–8 increased the risk of asthma (aOR = 1.309, 95% CI 1.024–1.674, p = 0.032).ConclusionsMaternal exposure to solar irradiation during the second trimester of pregnancy associated with reduced aeroallergen sensitization, whereas solar irradiation during the third trimester was related to increased sensitization to aeroallergens. |
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| Keywords: | Aeroallergen sensitization Allergic disease Pregnancy Solar irradiation Vitamin D 25(OH)D3 25-hydroxyvitamin D ISAAC the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood aORs Adjusted odds ratios DLNM distributed lag non-linear models |
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