环境中铬污染对人体免疫功能的影响

用琼脂平板法和单向免疫扩散法分别测定唾液溶菌酶和唾液IgG、IgA;用1%重铬酸钾溶液作皮肤斑贴试验;用分光光度法测尿铬。结果:直接接触组唾液溶菌酶含量明显低于经口摄入组及对照组(P<0.01);而唾液IgG、IgA均明显高于后两组(P<0.01);皮肤斑贴试验阳性率亦明显高于后两组(P<0.05,P<0.01);直接接触组和经口摄入组尿铬水平均明显高于对照组(P<0.01)。结果提示:铬经呼吸道进入可影响机体免疫功能,但经消化道长期低剂量摄入对人体免疫功能影响不大。

The effect of environmental chromium pollution on human immune function

In this study, the salivary lysozyme level and salivary IgA IgG level weremeasured with agar-board method and simple diffusion method;the skin-patch-testwas done with 1% solution of K_2Cr_2O7;the uric chromium level was measuredwith spectrophotometry. The results showed that the salivary lysozyme level inthe direct contacting group (passing though the respiratory passage and skin)was much lower than that in the oral group and the control group (p<0.01),and that the salivary IgG. IgA levels were much higher than those in thelatter two groups (p<0.01); and that the positive rate of skin-patch-test wasmuch higher than that in the latter two groups (p<0.05, P<0.01); and thatthe uric chromium levels in both the direct contacting group and the oralgroup were much higher than those in the control group(p<0.01).It is concluded that the intake of chromium passing through the respiratory passage has effect on hu-man immune function, but the oral intake over a long period of time has no effecect with lower dose.