豚鼠脂肪间充质干细胞植入耳聋模型修复听力的作用

背景：脂肪间充质干细胞是否是治疗因毛细胞退化、缺失所造成的感音神经性聋的福音呢？目的：探讨豚鼠脂肪间充质干细胞经耳蜗鼓阶途径植入感音神经性耳聋动物模型后对听力的修复作用。方法：庆大霉素腹腔注射建立豚鼠感音神经性耳聋动物模型,耳蜗鼓阶途径植入豚鼠脂肪间充质干细胞,分别于植入后1,3周检测听性脑干反应,观察植入脂肪间充质干细胞后耳聋动物听力的变化;并追踪EDU标记的豚鼠脂肪间充质干细胞在耳蜗内的迁移及分布情况。结果与结论：在植入后1周及3周进行听性脑干反应检测,听力较移植前逐渐好转。植入细胞后1周,细胞大多分布在外淋巴液中,部分迁移至耳蜗柯蒂器贴附于基底膜上,植入细胞后3周,细胞不仅迁移并贴附在Corti器基底膜发挥作用,而且部分迁移到蜗神经,植入时间越长,存活细胞越少。结果表明豚鼠脂肪间充质干细胞通过耳蜗鼓阶途径微孔植入,可以定向迁移并存活最终达到提高听力的目的。

Hearing restoration in a deaf animal model with transplantation of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from guinea pigs

BACKGROUND： Can adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells be used to treat sensorineural deafness caused by hair cell degeneration and loss？ OBJECTIVE： To investigate the effect of adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from guinea pigs transplanted via the scala tympani on the recovery from sensorineural hearing in an animal model. METHODS： Intraperitoneal injection of gentamicin was performed to prepare sensorineural deafness models in guinea pigs. Then, adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from guinea pig were transplanted via the scala tympani. After 1 and 3 weeks, auditory brainstem responses were detected to observe the hearing variation after adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cell transplantation. Meanwhile, the migration and distribution of EDU-labeled adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells in the cochlea were traced. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： After 1 and 3 weeks of implantation, the results from auditory brainstem response showed that the hearing was gradually improved. At 1 week of implantation, most of the cells were distributed in the perilymph and some cells migrated to the Corti organ and attached to the basement membrane. At 3 weeks of implantation, cells migrated and attached to the basement membrane of Corti organ, furthermore, some cells migrated to the cochlear nerve. The longer the time of implantation, the less cell survived. The results indicate that adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells from guinea pig that are transplanted via the scala tympani can directly migrate and survive ultimately to improve the hearing.