1998年中国4个月以内婴儿纯母乳喂养与生长发育

重点分析了中国城市与农村4个月以内婴儿纯母乳喂养情况及其与婴儿生长发育及疾病的关系。资料来源于1998年全国40个食物与营养监测点现场调查，通过分析表明中国4个月以内婴儿纯母乳喂养率城市为53．7％，一般农村为76．6％，较贫困农村为64．6％。生长迟缓婴儿的纯母乳喂养率为57．7％，显著低于身长正常的儿童73．04％。4个月以内采用纯母乳喂养的婴儿比非纯母乳喂养的婴儿体重平均重0．36kg，身长平均高1．2cm，WAZ值高0．4，HAZ高0．53，相差显著。同时，纯母乳喂养的婴儿腹泻患病率显著低于非纯母乳喂养的婴儿，两者相差15．9个百分点。通过Logistic回归分析显示，非纯母乳喂养的婴儿发生生长迟缓的危险度为纯母乳喂养的婴儿的2．19倍（OR＝2．19），发生腹泻的危险度为2．74倍（OR＝2．74）。

Exclusive breastfeeding and growth of infants under 4 months in China

Data collected at the 40 CFNSS sites in 1998 was analyzed on the relationship of exclusive breastfeeding and the growth, diseases of infant aged under 4 months. The results showed that the exclusive breastfeeding rates (EBF) of children under 4 months were 53 7% in urban and 76 6% in general rural, but was 64 6% in the poor rural. EBF rate of the stunted children was 57 3% that was significantly lower than the infants with normal length.73 0%. The infants EBF under 4 months were 0 36kg heavier, 1 2 cm longer, and WAZ 0 4 and HAZ 1 53 higher than the non EBF infants. Prevalence of diarrhea were 13 1% among EBF and 29% in non EBF infants.Logistic regression analysis showed that odds ratio (OR) of stunting for non-EBF infants was 2 19, OR of diarrhea was 2 74