甘肃省高校大学生对艾滋病的认知状况调查

目的了解甘肃省兰州市高校学生艾滋病认知状况,为制定有针对性的艾滋病健康教育和综合防治措施提供科学依据。方法采取分层随机抽样法,以匿名问卷方式对兰州市7所高校的950名大学生进行调查,实施资料干预后再对738名大学生进行调查。结果大学生对＂艾滋病是传染病＂、＂艾滋病由艾滋病病毒引起＂、＂单从一个人的外貌感观不能判断他/她是否携带艾滋病病毒＂、＂HIV感染者和艾滋病病人不是一回事＂、＂目前无预防艾滋病的疫苗＂、＂目前无治愈艾滋病的有效药物＂基本上有正确的认识,正确认识率分别为94.3%、97.3%、79.5%、79.4%、72.9%、83.2%。大学生对艾滋病三大传播途径总体认识较高,性途径、血液途径、母婴途径的认识分别为99.2%、97.6%、95.7%,但能认识到生活途径不传播艾滋病的比率仅为55.44%。不同性别、年级、专业,不同性质学校和交往过男/女朋友的学生对艾滋病基本知识的认识都存在差异。资料干预后大学生对艾滋病传播途径基本知识掌握提高不大,差异无统计学意义。大学生最希望通过讲座及和医生的交流获取知识。结论兰州市大学生对艾滋病传播途径的认识正确率较高,但对艾滋病全面知识的认识较低。目前常规宣传材料干预方法调查分析显示其效果较差,有必要对大学生通过其他方式进行宣传教育,使其更加全面、深入地了解艾滋病。

Investigation on AIDS knowledge of college students in Gansu Province

Objective To find out the awareness and demands about AIDS knowledge among students in Gansu Province,hence to provide reliable message and basis for AIDS education and making comprehensive prevention strategies.Methods With stratified random sampling method,950 students were selected from 7 universities in Lanzhou City to undergo an anonymous survey.738 students were interviewed again after materials intervention.Results The correct rate of the knowledge ＂AIDS was an infectious disease＂,＂AIDS caused by HIV virus＂,＂You cannot judge whether he is living with HIV just from a person＇s appearance＂,＂HIV infection and AIDS patients are not the same＂,＂There is no vaccine to prevent AIDS currently＂ and ＂There is no effective drug to cure AIDS currently＂ was 94.3%,97.3%,79.5%,79.4%,72.9% and 83.2%.The cognition rate in the three major ways of HIV transmission was relatively high,while the knowing rates of sexual way,the blood pathway,mother to infant-way were 99.2%,97.6% and 95.7%.But the recognition rate of the specific details of the problem of awareness was very low.Only 55.44% of the participants knew that the ways of daily life could not spread AIDS.For different gender,grade,specialty,different types of school and having different love history students,the rate of awareness of AIDS was different.Data showed that after the intervention,the knowledge of AIDS the students gotten was not improved,the difference was not statistically significant.Conclusions The survey shows a lack of deeper AIDS knowledge and the survey showed current general promotional material interventions are less effective.It＇s necessary to enhance the AIDS knowledge education by some other ways among college students.