2005-2010年新疆内脏利什曼病流行的回顾分析

目的分析2005～2010年新疆维吾尔自治区内脏利什曼病（黑热病）的流行趋势，为制定和采取相应的防治对策提供依据。方法汇总2005～2010年新疆内脏利什曼病的报告数据（包括兵团垦区），采用Microsoft Excel2010和EpiIn．fo2002对资料进行分析。结果2005—2010年报告内脏利什曼病1208例，其中新疆地方报告1108例，占91．72％（1108／1208），发病率为5．08／10万（1108／2181万）；1108例患者分布在新疆南部27个县（市）的5个城镇与128个乡（镇）和新疆北部7个县（市）的4个城镇与5个乡（镇）；新疆兵团垦区报告100例，占8．28％（100／1208），发病率为3．90／10万（100／256万）；100例患者分布在塔里木盆地北缘12个农垦团场和新疆北部6个农垦团场。1208例患者中，人源型内脏利什曼病占43．46％（525／1208），自然疫源型内脏利什曼病占54．88％（663／1208），未确定类型的占1．66％（20／1208）。2005年报告175例，2008年和2009年高于其他年份，分别报告309例和301例，男女性别之比为1．47：1（718／490）；人源型内脏利什曼病集中在5-20岁年龄组，占59．42％（312／525）；自然疫源型内脏利什曼病以0-2岁年龄组婴幼儿为主，占92．43％（613／663）；此后，随年龄的增大发病数降低。结论新疆内脏利什曼病自1996年起逐年增多，预示如果不能有效地控制其传染源和传播媒介，将会有更多的新疫区出现。

Rctrospvctive analysis of prevalence of visceral lcishmauiasis in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2010

Objective To analyze epidemic situation of visceral leishmaniasis （VL） in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region from 2005 to 2010, in order to provide basis for instituting and taking corresponding control measures. Methods Reported data （including reclamation area of corps） of VL patients in Xinjiang from 2005 to 2010 were collected to carry out analysis with Microsoft Excel 2010 and Epi Info 2002. Results From 2005 to 2010, totally 1 208 cases with VL were reported, including 1 108 cases in local areas of Xinjiang, occupying 91.72% （1108/1 208）, with incidence rate of 5.08/100 000（ 1 108/ 21.81 million）. Those 1 108 patients distributed in 5 towns and 128 townships （towns） of 27 counties （cities） of the southern Xinjiang and 4 towns and 5 townships （towns） of 7 counties （cities） of the northern Xinjiang. 100 cases were reported by Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, accounting for 8.28% （100/1 208）, with incidence rate of 3.90/100 000 （100/2.56 million）. 100 patients distributed in 12 regiments in the Tarim Basin and 6 regiments in the northern Xinjiang. Out of 1 208 patients, human VL accounted for 43.46% （525/1 208）, natural focal VL accounted for 54.88% （663/1 208） and uncertain VL 1.66% （20/1 208）. In 2005, 175 cases were reported. It was higher in 2008 and 2009 than any other years, with 309 and 301 cases reported respectively. The male and female patient proportion was 1.47：1 （718/490）. Human VL concentrated on age groups from 5 to 25 year-old, accounting for 59.42% （312/525）, and natural focal VL mainly distributed in age groups from 0 to 2 year-old, occupying 92.43% （613/663）. Then, onset numbers decreased in accordance with growth of age. Conclusions Since 1996, VL in Xinjiang increases year by year. It indicates that there be more new endemic areas if infectious source and transmission vector can＇t be controlled effectively.