In vitro screening for anthelmintic and antitumour activity of ethnomedicinal plants from Thailand |
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Authors: | Korakot Atjanasuppat Weerah Wongkham Puttinan Meepowpan Prasat Kittakoop Prasert Sobhon Ann Bartlett Phil J. Whitfield |
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Affiliation: | 1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand;3. Chulabhorn Research Institute, Vipavadee-Rangsit Highway, Bangkok 10210, Thailand;4. Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok 10400, Thailand;5. Department of Biochemistry, King''s College London, University of London, 150 Stamford St., London SE1 9NH, United Kingdom |
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Abstract: | Aim of studyThis study screened for anthelmintic and/or antitumour bioactive compounds from Thai indigenous plants and evaluated effectiveness against three different worm species and two cancer cell lines.Materials and methodsMethylene chloride and methanol extracts of 32 plant species were screened for in vitro anthelmintic activity against three species of worms, the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, the digeneans Paramphistomum epiclitum and Schistosoma mansoni (cercariae). Cytotoxicity of the extracts was evaluated against two cancer cell lines: human amelanotic melanoma (C32) and human cervical carcinoma (HeLa) by the SRB assay. Anthelmintic and anticancer activities were evaluated by the inhibiting concentration at 50% death (IC50) and the selectivity index (SI) relative to human fibroblasts.Results and conclusionsNone of the extracts were active against Paramphistomum epiclitum. Plumbagin, a pure compound from Plumbago indica, had the strongest activity against Caenorhabditis elegans. The methylene chloride extract of Piper chaba fruits had the strongest activity against schistosome cercariae. Strong cytotoxicity was shown by the methylene chloride extract of Michelia champaca bark and the methanol extract of Curcuma longa rhizome against C32 and HeLa, respectively. These extracts had higher SI (>100) than positive controls in relation to either the worms or the cell lines. The methanol extract of Bouea burmanica had a slightly lower activity towards C32 cells than did Michelia champaca but had a much higher SI (>27,000).Ethnopharmacological relevanceThe plant species screened in this research was recorded by several indigenous medicinal practitioners as antiparasitic, anticancer and/or related activities to the human major organ system. |
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Keywords: | C32, amelanotic melanoma cell line DMEM, Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium DMSO, dimethyl sulfoxide ED66, 66% effective dose FBS, fetal bovine serum g, gram HeLa, human cervical adenocarcinoma cell line HL-60, human promyelocytic leukemia cell line Ho-8910, human ovarian cancer cell line IC50, inhibiting concentration at 50% survival IC52, inhibiting concentration at 52% survival M, molar MEM, minimum essential medium ml, milliliter mM, millimole μg, microgram μl, microliter μM, micromole NGA, nematode growth agar NLM, human normal fibroblast cell line nm, nanometer OD, optical density SI, selective index SSs, stock solutions SRB, Sulphorhodamine B TCA, trichloroacetic acid WSs, working solutions |
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