光动力疗法分子机制研究进展

光动力疗法的实验和临床研究可追溯至上百年前，然而，它的全部潜能才刚刚引起人们的充分重视。在有氧条件下，光动力疗法利用光敏剂和光来治疗癌症和其他疾病。回顾过去从细胞水平到人体治疗层面对于光动力疗法分子机制的研究，随着不同结构和特性的光敏剂的研发应用，光动力疗法的适用领域越来越广泛，也给癌症的治疗带来了新的机遇。分子机制的深入了解可以帮助我们优化治疗方案。目前，大多数癌症都为综合治疗，随着光动力疗法的分子应答机制的研究进展，光动力疗法正逐渐被合理整合到癌症的综合治疗中，以提高综合治疗的效果。

Molecular mechanism of photodynamic therapy

Despite its more than 100-year history in experimental and clinical use, photodynamic therapy (PDT) is only starting to be appreciated for its full potential. PDT combines a photosensitizer and light in the presence of oxygen to treat cancer and other disorders. This paper reviews the molecular mechanism of PDT at the cellular level as well as in therapeutic settings in vivo. The availability of multiple photosensitizers with different structures and functional properties makes PDT an extremely versatile and, conversely, a challenging approach to cancer therapy. The advancing understanding of molecular pathways helps to design improved regimens. As most cancers are being treated with combined therapies, PDT is being integrated into rationally designed regimens that exploit molecular responses to PDT for improved efficacy.