迷走神经与心房颤动犬上腔静脉肌袖内缝隙连接重构的关系

目的探讨心房颤动(AF)犬上腔静脉(SVC)肌袖缝隙连接蛋白(Cx)含量和分布改变与迷走神经的关系。方法24只杂种犬,分为3组:假手术组(Sham组)、切除上腔静脉-主动脉根部(SVC-AO)脂肪垫组(RM组)和保留SVC-AO脂肪垫组(RS组)。RM组和RS组植入起搏器起搏6周,以程序刺激或猝发刺激诱发建立AF犬模型;Sham组植入起搏器但不起搏。取SVC肌袖组织行Cx40、Cx43免疫荧光染色并定量分析,透射电镜观察缝隙连接(GJ)超微结构。结果RS组持续性AF诱发率为71.4%,高于RM组(P<0.01)。Sham组和RS组Cx40、Cx43表达高于RM组(P<0.05);RS组Cx40、Cx43表达高于Sham组(P<0.05)。Sham组和RM组Cx40、Cx43端/侧比值高于RS组(P<0.05)。RS组GJ通道变宽,出现肌溶解和线粒体空泡状改变。结论迷走神经可能通过介导SVC肌袖Cx重构而使AF易于发生和维持;切除SVC-AO脂肪垫可减弱此效应。

Relation between vagus nerves and remodeling of gap junction in superior vena cava myosleeve in dog with atrial fibrillation

Objective To investigate the relationship between cardiac vagus nerves and changes of connexins(Cx)and intracellular gap junction(GJ)distribution pattern in superior vena cava(SVC)myosleeve in dog with atrial fibrillation(AF).Methods Twenty four hybrid dogs were divided into sham operation group(Sham group,n=8),SVC-AO fat pad removed group(RM group,n=8)and SVC-AO fat pad reserved group(RS group,n=8).In RM group and RS group,right atrial pacing was performed at a frequency of 500～650/min for 6 weeks to establish AF model.AF was induced by programmed stimulation or burst stimulation of atrial pacing.The expression and distribution of Cx40 and Cx43 in the SVC myosleeve tissue in three groups were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining.Transmission electron microscopy was used to observe the uhrastructural organization of gap junction(GJ).Results The rate of inducing sustained AF(＞ 15 min)in RS group was significantly higher than that in RM group (P ＜ 0.01).The expression of Cx40 and Cx43 in the SVC myosleeve in sham group and RS group were significantly higher than that in RM group(P ＜ 0.05).Furthermore,the expression of Cx40 and Cx43 in RS group were obviously higher than that in sham group(P ＜0.05).The ratio of end-to-end to side-to-side in RS group was lower than that in Sham group and RM group.Comparing with RM group,the channel of GJ became shorter and wider in RS group(P ＜0.05).Sarcomere was dissolved and mitochondrion showed vacuole degeneration in RS group.Conclusion The remodeling of Cx40 and Gx43 in SVC myosleeve tissue may be mediated by vagus nerves.It is conducive to the maintenance and stability of AF.However,this effect can be weakened by removing SVC-AO fat pad of canine.