以家犬驱虫为中心的棘球蚴病控制措施在新疆两县的应用

目的 通过新疆呼图壁县和温宿县区域试验,验证以家犬(包括牧犬）驱虫为中心的棘球蚴病控制措施的可行性和控制效果。 方法 1987-1990年在新疆呼图壁县和1990-1994年在新疆温宿县分别建立棘球蚴病控制试验区,采用消灭病原以阻断循环链的控制策略,即“犬犬驱虫、 月月投药”的措施,对试验区所有家犬用吡喹酮药饵剂型进行预防性驱虫。实施控制措施后,每年在试验区检测犬的细粒棘球绦虫和绵羊的棘球蚴感染率,以评价驱虫效果。 结果 经过连续3~4年实施“犬犬驱虫、月月投药”措施,呼图壁县和温宿县的家犬细粒棘球绦虫平均感染率分别从实施前的18.5%和14.7%降为0;两县新生绵羊的棘球蚴平均感染率比控制模式实施前降低了85%以上。 结论 以家犬驱虫为中心的策略,即“犬犬驱虫,月月投药”的措施对控制家犬的棘球绦虫病和绵羊的棘球蚴病是有效可行的。

Monthly Deworming in Dogs for Echinococcosis Control in TwoCounties of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

Objective To verify the application and effectiveness of monthly deworming for all dogs in the control of Echinococcus granulosus infection. Methods Baited praziquantel was used to treat all registered dogs monthly by hydatid disease control officers at village level and all stray（unowned）dogs were eliminated in the counties of Hutubi and Wensu in 1987-1990 and 1990-1994 respectively. Prevalence of echinococcosis in dogs and sheep was recorded yearly. Results The infection rate in dogs decreased from 18.5% and 14.7% before implementation of the control measure to zero in 3-4 years in Hutubi and Wensu Counties respectively. Prevalence of hydatid disease in new born sheep was reduced by more than 85% in comparison to the same age sheep before the control program in both counties. Conclusion “Monthly drug administration to all dogs” is an effective way to the control of echinococcosis in dogs and of hydatid disease in sheep.