家兔上矢状窦中1/3及其回流静脉结扎动物模型的建立

目的 建立一种新的上矢状窦中1／3及其回流静脉结扎的家兔动物模型，为上矢状窦的外科研究提供实验基础。方法 显微镜下暴露兔脑上矢状窦中1/3，用9-0无损伤显微缝合线结扎。同时结扎矢状窦两侧直径〉0．8mm的所有回流静脉。术后观察动物行为及脑组织病理变化，测定脑组织含水量。结果 上矢状窦中1/3及其回流静脉结扎可引起家兔偏瘫、肌张力减低等神经功能障碍，但大多能长期存活。结扎后主要病理改变：神经元变性，神经细胞与胶质细胞水肿。线粒体结构模糊．内质网扩张及窦旁皮质组织水肿；均能逐渐恢复。结论 家兔上矢状窦中1／3及其回流静脉结扎模型操作简单，易控制，稳定，重复性较好，病死率低，是比较理想的研究上矢状窦结扎的实验模型．

Ligation of the middle third of the superior sagittal sinus and its veins in rabbits for establishment of model

Objective To establish a new model by ligating the middle third of the superior sagittal sinus and its veins in rabbits for offering an experimental base for surgery of the superior sagittal sinus. Methods The middle third of the superior sagittal sinus in rabbit was exposed enough under the microscope, ligated with 9-0 non-injured suture line, and all the veins with a diameter over 0.8 mm were ligated. The changes of behavior and histopathology of the brain tissue were evaluated in all the experimental animals, and the water content of the brain tissue was detected. Results Most of the rabbits can live for a long-term after the middle third of the superior sagittal sinus and its veins ligation with symptoms and signs of neural system such as hemiplegia and hypomyotonia. The histopathological changes of brain tissue include neuronal degeneration, edema of nerve cell and gliacyte, the obfuscation of chondriosome structure, dilation of endoplasmic reticulum and brain edema of the cerebral cortex, which can gradually recover. Conclusion The rabbit model of ligating the middle third of the superior sagittal sinus and its veins is stable, easily established and controlled with good reproducibility and low death rate, thus being ideal for studying the superior sagittal sinus.