Rh类抗体在临床输血中的研究

目的：研究Rh类抗体的血清学特征，分析其在输血医学中的临床意义。方法以盐水法、抗球蛋白法、微柱凝胶法同时对免疫性溶血病患者血浆中抗体及自身红细胞血型抗原进行鉴定，分析其抗体的特异性并以分子生物学技术分析了Rh血型分型。结果该5例患者血浆中的抗体均被鉴定为Rh类抗体：抗-Ce、抗-e、抗-c、抗-Ec抗体，具有明确的抗体特异性，并且相关抗原为阳性。针对血浆中抗体的特异性，均配合了相容性血液供临床输注。结论 Rh类抗体在AIHA病患者中是最具特异性的自身抗体，在临床输血中同样会引起溶血性输血反应。基于Rh血型抗原等位基因与抗原免疫力强弱的表现，如何科学并合理地选择相关抗原的血液以避免Rh其他连锁抗体的产生值得探讨。

Study of the Rh antibody in the clinical blood transfusion

Objective To study the serological characteristics of Rh antibodies and analyze its clinical significance in blood transfusion. Methods The plasma antibodies and red cell antigens in AIHA patients were identified by saline water method, antiglobulin method and microcolumn gel method. But also the Rh blood group had tested by Genotyping. Results The plasma an-tibodies were identified as Rh-antibody in AIHA patients, including anti-Ce, anti-e, anti-c and anti-Ec, but the relative Rh anti-gens were positive. The compatibility of blood had been used for clinical transfusion. Conclusion The Rh antibodies were the most specific autoantibodies in AIHA patients and also can cause the hemolytic transfusion reaction in clinical blood transfusion. How to scientifically and rationally select the blood with the related antigen and avoid production of other chain antibody of Rh are wor-thy to explore.