| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Mental Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD;2. Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD;3. Johns Hopkins Center for Population and Health and Information Technology, Baltimore, MD;4. Behavioral Health Administration, Maryland Department of Health, Columbia, MD;5. Chesapeake Regional Information System for Our Patients, Columbia, MD;1. Center for Emergency Care Policy Research, Department of Emergency Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA;2. Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, and the Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA;3. Center for Health Systems Effectiveness, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR;4. Center for Health Economics for Treatment Interventions of Substance Use Disorder, HIV, HCV;1. Clinical Addiction Research and Education Unit, Section of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA;2. Division of General Pediatrics, Department of Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine and Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA;3. Grayken Center for Addiction, Boston Medical Center, Boston, MA;4. Department of Community Health Sciences, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA;5. Biostatistics and Epidemiology Data Analytics Center, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA;6. Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA;7. Massachusetts Department of Public Health, Boston, MA;8. University of Massachusetts, Worcester, MA;1. Health Promotion, Chronic Disease, and Injury Prevention, Public Health Ontario, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;2. Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada;3. Dalla Lana School of Public Health, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada;4. Institute of Health Policy, Management, and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada;5. Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada;6. The Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;7. School of Public Health and Health Systems, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada;8. Schwartz/Reisman Emergency Medicine Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;9. Department of Medicine, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;10. The Sunnybrook Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;11. Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute, St. Michael’s Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada;1. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Health Policy and Management, Baltimore, MD, USA;2. Johns Hopkins Center for Population Health Information Technology, Baltimore, MD, USA;3. Johns Hopkins Center for Drug Safety and Effectiveness, Baltimore, MD, USA;4. The Chesapeake Regional Information System for our Patients, Baltimore, MD, USA;5. Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Department of Mental Health, Baltimore, MD, USA;6. Maryland Department of Health, Public Health Services, Office of PDMP and Overdose Prevention Applied Data Programs, Baltimore, MD, USA;1. Office of the Commissioner, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland;2. Office of Surveillance and Epidemiology, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, Silver Spring, Maryland |
