深圳公共场所水系统嗜肺军团菌污染研究

目的了解深圳公共场所水系统嗜肺军团菌污染现状,为卫生监督管理提供依据。方法依照《公共场所集中空调通风系统卫生规范》附录A方法,随机采集本市177家公共场所冷却水、冷凝水、淋浴水、泳池水、生活饮用水共500份水样,检测嗜肺军团菌及其菌型。结果冷却水、冷凝水、淋浴水嗜肺军团菌检出率分别为11.0%(28/255)、1.1%(2/176)、30.0%(12/40),泳池水、生活饮用水未检出嗜肺军团菌;酒店、公共浴室、候诊室、地铁站冷却水嗜肺军团菌检出率分别为18.1%(19/105)、4.0%(1/25)、31.8%(7/22)、0.1%(1/103),差异有统计学意义(χ2=11.74,P<0.05);分离出44株嗜肺军团菌,菌型以LP1型为主,占70.5%(31/44),LP3型、LP6型分别占2.3%(1/44)、27.2(12/44)。结论本市公共场所空调冷却水和冷凝水、淋浴水受嗜肺军团菌污染,存在健康隐患,应加强空调系统和淋浴-热水系统的清洗消毒。

Study on Legionella pneumophila in water system in public places of Shenzhen

Objective To understand Legionella pneumophila pollution in water systems of public places in Shenzhen,provide evidence for hygienic supervision and management.Methods According to relative national regulation,a total of 500 water samples including cooling water,condensate water,shower water,pool water and drinking water were randomly collected in 177 public places,index of Legionella pneumophila and its serotype were tested.Results Legionella pneumophila in cooling water,condensate water,shower water was detected,and positive rates of them were 11.0%(28/255),1.1%(2 / 176) and 30.0%(12/40),respectively;Legionella pneumophila was not detected in swimming pool water and drinking water;positive rates of Legionella pneumophila in cooling water of hotels,public bathrooms,waiting rooms and subway station were 18.1%(19/105),4.0%(1 / 25),31.8%(7 / 22) and 0.1%(1 / 103),which there was statistical difference(χ2=11.74,P<0.05).LP1-type Legionella pneumophila was most in 44 types of bacteria,accounting for 70.5%(31/44),LP3 type and LP6 type accounted for 2.3%(1 / 44)and 27.2%(12/44).Conclusion Air conditioning cooling water and condensing water,shower water are polluted by Legionella pneumophila in public places of the city,so air conditioning system and shower heating system should be strengthened to clean and disinfect.