尖吻蝮蛇毒研究进展

尖吻蝮(又名五步蛇，中药材名为蕲蛇)蛇毒，是从尖吻蝮毒腺中分泌的毒液，内含磷脂酶A₂、丝氨酸蛋白酶、金属蛋白酶、C型凝集素、L-氨基酸氧化酶等多种蛋白类成分和肽类成分，具有多种生物活性，在抗肿瘤、抗血栓、抗炎、抗菌等方面发挥着重要作用。近年来，蛇毒研究日益广泛，但目前仍缺乏对尖吻蝮蛇毒全面系统的研究。本文通过检索尖吻蝮蛇毒的相关研究进展，在其来源、鉴别、活性成分、毒性研究及质量研究等方面进行总结与分析，以期为尖吻蝮蛇毒进一步开发利用提供参考。

Research Progress of Deinagkistrodon Acutus Venom

Deinagkistrodon acutus(also known as the five-paced viper and the traditional Chinese medicine ingredient is called Agkistrodon) venom is a viscous liquid from the venom glands of the Deinagkistrodon acutus. It contains a variety of protein and peptide components such as phospholipase A₂, serine protease, metalloproteinase, C-type lectin, L-amino acid oxidase, and has a variety of biological activities, playing an important role in anti-tumour, anti-thrombotic, anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial activities. In recent years, snake venom research has become increasingly widespread, but there is still a lack of comprehensive and systematic studies on snake venom from Deinagkistrodon acutus. In this paper, the source, identification, active ingredients, toxicity studies and quality researches of Deinagkistrodon acutus venom are summarized and analysed by searching the related research progress, in order to provide reference for further development and utilization of Deinagkistrodon acutus venom.