中国死亡教育三十年研究历程探析——基于CNKI 1988—2018期刊文献

通过对CNKI 1988—2018期刊文献的系统梳理,以研究领域和研究内容的延展变化为划分标准,将中国的死亡教育研究划分为起步、全面探索和深入发展三个阶段,即中国的死亡教育研究经历了由医学专业应对教育到全民普及性预防教育再到灾后心理减灾教育的发展历程。三十年来,学者们聚焦死亡教育基本理论和教育实践两类问题,在死亡教育的价值、中国死亡教育的现状、死亡教育的多主体配合等方面达成了基本共识,同时还存在基本理论问题尚未厘清、研究视角笼统、研究内容零散、研究方法传统等不足。今后的死亡教育研究亟须在汲取国际经验基础上,依托中国文化传统,坚持终身学习理念和“知-防-救”一体化目的,将多学科的理论研究和全方位的实践探究相结合,着力探索切实可行的死亡教育实施策略,致力于构建中国特色的死亡教育体系和研究体系,以增强死亡教育的针对性和实效性。

Analysis on the research process of death education in China for 30 years——Based on CNKI 1988—2018 journal literature

By systematically sorting out the CNKI1988—2018 journal literature and taking the extension and change of the research field and research content as the dividing standard, the death education research in China is divided into three stages: starting, comprehensive exploration and in-depth development. That is to say, China's death education research has gone from the development of medical professional response education to universal preventive education to post-disaster psychological disaster education. Over the past three decades, scholars have focused on two basic issues of death education and educational practice, and have reached a basic consensus on the value of death education, the current status of death education in China, and the multi-agent cooperation of death education. At the same time, there are still some shortcomings such as basic theoretical problems, general research perspective, scattered research content, and traditional research methods. In the future, death education research urgently needs to combine the experience of lifelong learning and the integration of “knowledge-prevention-rescue” on the basis of absorbing international experience, relying on China's cultural traditions, and combine multidisciplinary theoretical research and comprehensive practice exploration. Efforts will be made to explore practical implementation strategies for death education, and build a death education system and research system with Chinese characteristics to enhance the pertinence and effectiveness of death education.