新乡市部分社区人群骨质疏松症流行病学调查及相关影响因素Logistic 回归分析

目的了解新乡市部分社区人群骨质疏松症(osteoporosis,OP)的患病情况及相关影响因素,为OP的社区干预提供基础资料。方法应用HOLOGIC公司生产的Sahara定量超声骨密度检测仪测量新乡市部分社区4280名人群右侧跟骨骨密度。通过对受试者进行调查问卷,测量身高、体重、体重指数(BMI),是否服用糖皮质激素及其他影响骨代谢的药物等。单因素Logistic分析,有统计学意义者(P0.1)进一步行二分类Logistic回归分析,计算OR值及其95%置信区间。结果 1 OP总患病率为11.7%,男性8.4%,女性16.3%,OP及低骨量发生率随年龄增加呈上升趋势,同年龄组女性较男性更易发生OP及低骨量;2在男性,单因素分析显示年龄、文化程度、饮酒、咖啡、日饮用牛奶量、BMI、固定锻炼、OP家族史等与OP患病可能相关(P0.1)。二分类Logistic回归分析显示增龄、OP家族史、饮酒为OP可能为危险因素;高文化程度、稳定日牛奶饮用、固定锻炼为OP的可能保护性因素;3在女性,单因素分析显示年龄、文化程度、日饮牛奶量、咖啡、BMI、固定锻炼、绝经年龄及年限是OP的可能影响因子(P0.1);二分类Logistic回归分析显示增龄、绝经状态及BMI是OP的可能危险因素;晚绝经、每日稳定牛奶饮用及锻炼为其可能保护性因素。结论新乡市部分社区OP骨质疏松症的发生随着增龄而增加,女性更为明显。影响男性OP的主要危险因素为家族史和增龄及饮酒;在女性是增龄、绝经及BMI。饮用牛奶和规律锻炼是OP可能保护性因素。在社区一级预防中加强宣教,控制可能导致OP的不良因素,预防和延缓骨质疏松症的发生。

Investigation of the epidemic status of osteoporosis in communities in Xinxiang and the analysis of the influential factors

Objective To clarify the epidemic status and the influential factors of osteoporosis (OP) in Xinxiang communities, in order to provide basic information and basis for the intervention of OP. Methods Bone mineral density (BMD) of the calcaneus was detected in 4280 people in Xinxiang communities using Sahara quantitative ultrasound system (HOLOGIC Co.). A questionnaire survey was performed in all subjects, including height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and long-term use of hormones and other drugs which affect bone metabolism. Univariate logistic analysis was performed firstly. Parameters with significant difference (P<0.1) were selected to perform binary logistic regression analysis. OR value and 95% confidence interval were calculated. Results (1) The prevalence of OP was 11.7%. It was 8.4% in men and 16.3% in women. The rates of OP and low bone mass increased as the age grew, and females were more vulnerable of OP and low bone mass than males in the same ages. (2) Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, education, drinking, coffee, milk drinking, BMI, regular physical training, and family history of OP were possibly associated with osteoporosis (P<0.1). The further binary logistic regression analysis showed that aging, family history of OP, and drinking were risk factors of OP. High education level, regular milk drinking, and physical training were protective factors of OP in men. (3) Univariate logistic regression analysis showed that age, education, milk drinking, coffee, BMI, regular physical training, and menopausal status and menstruation span were possibly associated with osteoporosis (P<0.1). The further binary logistic regression analysis showed that aging, menopausal status, and BMI were risk factors of OP, and delay of postmenopausal, regular milk drinking, and physical training were protective factors of OP. Conclusion The prevalence of osteoporosis increases with aging, especially in women. Family history of OP, aging, and drinking are main risk factors for men. Aging, menopause, and BMI are risk factors of OP in women. Regular milk drinking and physical training are protective factors of OP in both males and females. We should strengthen prevention education in the community, control the controllable factors of OP, prevent and delay the occurrence of OP.