低剂量电离辐射暴露者淋巴细胞变化与受照剂量的关系

目的：探讨个人受照剂量对外周血淋巴细胞微核的影响，以采取有效措施，保护放射工作者健康。方法：对放射工作人员个人受照剂量连续4年进行监测，并检验淋巴细胞微核，分析两者相关规律。结果：放射组工作人员淋巴细胞微核率、微核检出率均显著高于对照组。乡镇医院组、工业探伤组显著高于市属医院和县区医院组。淋巴细胞微核率、微核阳性检出率与放射工龄呈曲线正相关关系（r=0．957，P〈0．01）；与个人年受照剂量呈直线正相关（r=0．996，P〈0．01）；与个人累积受照剂量呈直线正相关（r=0．996，P〈0．01）。结论：低剂量电离辐射对放射工作人员细胞遗传物质有一定损伤，放射防护工作中必须重视工作场所和个人防护，减少工作者受照剂量。

Relationship between low-level exposure to radiation and peripheral lymphocyte micronucleus in the radiological workers

Objective: To explore relationship between low-level exposure to radiation and peripheral lymphocyte micronucleus(PLM) in the radiological workers by personal radiation exposure dosimeter.Methods: The personal exposure levels have been monitored for 598 radiological workers from hospitals and enterprises for 4 years,and the peripheral lymphocyte micronucleus have determined for assessment of exposure-response relationship.Results: The rate of PLM of radiological workers was significantly higher than that of control groups.And among radiological workers,the rate of PLM of workers from Industrial detection departments and town-owned hospitals,were higher than that of city-owned hospitals.There is significant exposure duration-response relationship and positive correlation between exposure duration and the rate of PLM.Conclusion: Low-level exposure to radiation could induce genetic damage in the radiological workers,and more effective protections should be improved.