河南省肺结核流行趋势及病例发现方法分析

目的 以河南省第四次全国结核病流行病学抽样调查（流调）数据为依据，揭示河南省结核病疫情现状及变化趋势，并就病例发现方法进行分析。方法 应用痰检和X线、PPD等检查手段，从46个流调点的抽样人群中筛选活动性肺结核患。结果 活动性肺结核患病率497／10万，涂阳肺结核患病率132／10万，菌阳肺结核患病率为159／10万。与1990年流调结果相比，10年间涂阳患病率下降6.15%，年平均递降率仅为0.63%，下降极为缓慢。增加1次痰涂片检查，可提高6.6%的病例发现率。结论 河南省结核病疫情仍很严重，病例发现工作有待加强，加强肺结核可疑症状查痰有助于提高传染性肺结核患的发现率。

Epidemic trends of pulmonary tuberculosis and case find ing in Henan province

Objective Based on the data of the 4th national epidemiological survey in 2000 in Henan province,to obtain the trends of epidemic situation of pulmonary tuberculosis,and to analyze the methods of case finding. Methods The detection methods such as X-ray,sputum examination and PPD were used to diagnose active pulmonary tuberculosis from sampling population.Results The prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis is 497 per 100 000 population,the prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis is 132 per 100 000 population. Comparing to the third survey in 1990,the reduction rate of prevalence of smear positive pulmonary tuberculosis is 6.15%,the annual reduction rate only 0.63%,indicating the prevalence declined very slowly in ten years. The rate of case finding increased by 6.6%after sputum specimens increased from 2 to 3.Conclusions The epidemic status of pulmonary tuberculosis in Henan is still serious,and the case finding of tuberculosis should be strengthened. Increasing the times of sputum examination from 2 to 3 can increase the rate of case finding.