First Report of Clinical, Functional, and Molecular Investigation of Chronic Granulomatous Disease in Nine Jordanian Families

Introduction

Chronic granulomatous disease is a rare inherited immunodeficiency syndrome caused by mutations in four genes encoding essential nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NADPH) oxidase complex components.

Material and methods

Clinical, functional, and molecular investigations were conducted in 15 Jordanian CGD patients from nine families.

Results and Discussion

Fourteen patients were children of consanguineous parents and suffered from autosomal recessive (AR) CGD forms with mutations in the CYBA, NCF1, and NCF2 genes encoding p22phox, p47phox, and p67phox proteins, except for one patient in whom the mutation’s location was not found. One patient had an extremely rare X⁺CGD subtype resulting from a novel missense mutation (G1234C) in exon 10 of CYBB. We found a genetic heterogeneity in the Jordanian families with a high frequency of rare ARCGD, probably because consanguineous marriages are common in Jordan. No clear correlation between the severity of the clinical symptoms and the CGD types could be established.