17430例高校新生乙型肝炎病毒感染状况调查

目的 了解大学新生乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus,HBV）感染情况,为高校HBV防治工作提供科学依据.方法 选择某高校2007-2009级本科新生17 430例,采用酶联免疫吸附试验（enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA）检测所有新生乙肝表面抗原（hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg）及丙氨酸氨基转移酶（alanine aminotransferase,ALT）,HBsAg阳性者再检测乙肝五项,对检测结果进行统计学分析.结果 三年中所有新生检出HBsAg阳性819例,感染阳性率为4.70％,2007-2009年HBsAg阳性率分别为5.42％、5.18％和3.54％,有逐年下降趋势,其中“大三阳”并ALT异常者46例（0.26％）.819例HBsAg阳性新生中,“大三阳”感染者346例（42.25％）,“小三阳”感染者297例（36.26％）,急性HBV感染或慢性HBsAg携带者176例（21.49％）.所有HBsAg阳性者中,男生感染阳性率为5.56％,女生为3.80％,二者差异有统计学意义（x2=30.23,P＜ 0.01）.不同生源地以西南地区新生HBsAg感染阳性率最高（25.03％）,东北地区最低（1.47％）.结论 大学新生中HBV感染率呈现下降趋势,但仍应重视对大学生的健康教育.

The research of HBV infective situation in 17 430 cases university freshmen

Objective To understand the Hepatitis B Virus （HBV） infective situation of university freshmen and to provide a scientific basis for the HBV prevention and control work in colleges and universities. Methods 17 430 cases university freshmen of Grade 2007-2009 were selected. Hepatitis B surface antigen （HBsAg） and alanine aminotransferase （ALT） were detected through enzyme linked immunosorbent assay （ELISA） method. As for positive HBsAg students, further detections on HBV five items were done. Detective results were analyzed statistically. Results There were 819 cases university freshmen with HBsAg positive, and the positive rate was 4.70%. The was a downward trend year by year from 2007 to 2009, and the positive rates were 5.42%, 5.18% and 3.54%, respectively. There were 46 cases freshmen （0.26%） with HBeAg and H BcAb positive hepatitis B and ALT abnormal. There were 346 cases （42.25%） with HBeAg and HBcAb posi- tive hepatitis B, 297 eases （36.26%） with HBeAb and HBcAb positive hepatitis B, and 176 cases （21.49%） with acute HBV infection or chronic HBsAg carrier in 819 cases HBsAg positive university freshmen. There was statistical significance in the difference of male infection rate （5.56%） and female infection rate （3.80%）. The southwest area had highest HBsAg positive rate （25.03%）, and the northeast was lowest （1.47%）. Conclusion The HBV infection rate show a descend trend, but we should still think highly of the health education of university freshmen.