重庆市卫生资源配置公平性研究

目的 对重庆市1997～2005年卫生配置公平性进行评价,旨在为卫生行政部门优化卫生资源配置提供科学依据.方法 采用Gini系数和Lorenz曲线,从重庆市各区县人口分布和地理分布的角度,分析医院床位、卫生技术人员、执业(助理)医师、注册护士等卫生资源的配置公平性.结果 卫生资源按人口分布Gini系数在0.20～0.45之间,有轻微上升趋势;按土地面积分布Gini系数在0.45以上,呈现下降趋势;执业(助理)医师的Gini系数最低,注册护士的Gini系数最高.结论 重庆市卫生资源总量仍处于较低水平,卫生资源配置不合理,卫生资源人口配置公平性优于地理配置公平性,床位配置公平性最优,注册护士配置公平性最差.

Study on equity of health resources distribution in Chongqing City

Objective To evaluate the equity of health resources distribution in Chongqing City during 1997 and 2005,and to provide the scientific basis for health administrative sectors optimizing allocation of health resources.Methods The distribution equity of population and geography area of health resources was analyzed by Gini coefficient and Lorenz curve.Results The Gini coefficient of population changed from 0.20 to 0.45 and showed a climbing tendency,while the coefficient of geography was larger than 0.45 and showed a descending tendency.The Gini coefficient of physician was the lowest while the Gini coefficient of nurse was the highest.Conclusion The total amount of the health resources in Chongqing City is still low and the distribution of the health resources is not reasonable.The personal allocation of the health resources is better than the regional allocation.The hospital bed allocation has the best equity while the nurse allocation has the worst equity.Priorities should be given to the areas with less resources to improve the equity.