成人右房室瓣瓣叶分区与形态的解剖观测

目的为心脏右房室瓣病变的临床诊治提供解剖学资料。方法对171个成人心脏右房室瓣瓣叶分区进行形态学测量。结果右房室瓣瓣叶分为粗糙区、透明区、基底区。瓣膜形状有三角形、半椭圆形、半圆形、长方形和梯形。双前瓣瓣叶高度最高,内瓣瓣叶高度最低。前瓣透明区和基底区室面腱索最少,因而前瓣活动性最大。内瓣和后内瓣室面附着的腱索多而短小,使瓣叶活动性最小。结论心脏外科手术中应密切注意瓣叶的解剖学特点。

Anatomical observation of the region and forms of right atrioventricular valves of Chinese adults' hearts

Objective To offer anatomic parameters for diagnosing and treating the diseases about right atrioventricular valve.Methods The hearts of 171 Chinese adults were measured for the forms of the valve regions of the right atrioventricular valve.Results The right atrioventricular valve can be divided into rough region,transparent region and basin region.The types of the valve are triangle,semi-ellipse,half of the circular shape,rectangle and trapezium.The height of the double anterior valve is the highest,while the septalis valve is the lowest.As the chordae tendineae of the anterior valve's transparent region and basin region of ventricle is the least,it's the most flexible of the right atrioventricular valve.Contrary,the chordae tendineae of the septalis valve and the posterior-septalis valve of ventricle is more,shorter and smaller and therefore it's the least flexible,which is easier to stick to the interventricular septum when diseases happen.Conclusion More attention should be paid attention to the anatomical traits of valves during operation.