4种检测IgG红细胞抗体方法的比较

目的比较木瓜蛋白酶、抗球蛋白实验、聚凝胺和微柱凝胶4种检测IgG红细胞抗体方法的特异性、敏感性、效价及所需时间.方法将12种IgG抗体:抗-D、抗-E、抗-C、抗-c、抗-e、抗-Jka、抗-Jkb、抗-Fya、抗-Fyb、抗-k抗-S、抗-s分别采用上述4种方法检测.结果木瓜蛋白酶检出了抗-D、抗-E、抗-C、抗-c、抗-e、抗-Jka、抗-JKb7种抗体(7/12);抗球蛋白试验检出了所有12种抗体(12/12);聚凝胺法检出了除抗-k以外的抗体(11/12);而微柱凝胶也检出了所有12种抗体(12/12).木瓜蛋白酶检测Rh及Kidd血型系统的抗体效价低于其它3种方法,而微柱凝胶检测这12种抗体效价较其它3种方法更为敏感.4种方法检测IgG抗体所需时间分别为:木瓜蛋白酶45min,抗球蛋白实验60min,聚凝胺5 min,微柱凝胶30 min.结论木瓜蛋白酶检测IgG抗体具有一定的局限性;抗球蛋白实验因需要反复洗涤红细胞费工费时;聚凝胺是目前最快速简便检测IgG抗体的方法;而微柱凝胶是检测IgG抗体最为敏感的方法.

Comparison of four methods for determination of IgG red blood cell antibodies

Objective To compare the specificity, sensitivity, titers, and rapidity of four methods including papain technique, anti-globulin technique, polybrene test, and micro-column gel test for determination of IgG red blood cell antibodies. Methods Twelve kinds of IgG red blood cell antibodies such as anti-D, anti-E, anti-C, anti-c, anti-e, anti-Jk a, anti-Jk b, anti-Fy a, anti-Fy b, anti-k, anti-S, and anti-s were checked by the four methods. Results Seven kinds of IgG red blood cell antibodies including anti-D, anti-E, anti-C, anti-c, anti-e, anti-Jk a, and anti-Jk b were detected using papain technique (7/12). All of the 12 kinds of IgG antibodies were detected by anti-globulin technique (12/12). Eleven kinds of IgG red blood cell antibodies except anti-k were examined with polybrene test (11/12) and all the antibodies were also determinated by micro-column gel test (12/12). The titers of the antibodies determination suggested that papain technique was less sensitive than other three methods, while the micro-column gel test was more sensitive than other three methods in examination of all the antibodies. The lasting time of four techniques were: papain technique 45 min, anti-human globulin technique 60 min, polybrene test 5 min, and micro-column gel test 30 min. Conclusion Papain technique has some limitation in determination of IgG antibodies and anti-globulin technique is complicated because of long period incubation and multiple wash of red blood cells. Polybrene test is the most simple and convenient technique for determination of IgG antibodies. Micro-column gel test is the most sensitive method in determination of IgG antibodies.