不同细胞因子对脂肪移植体中前脂细胞和早期血运重建的生物学效应

目的：探讨不同细胞因子形成的缓释体对脂肪移植体前脂细胞再生和早期血运重建的生物学效应。方法：制备浓度为2μg／mL人源性血管内皮细胞生长因子（VEGF—A）和同浓度bFGF溶液，以葡聚糖颗粒为载体，分别加入上述2种细胞因子和生理盐水溶液．制成相应的缓释制剂。取SD大鼠36只，随机分为3组，切取腹股沟脂肪行背部皮下自体脂肪移植术。A组植入脂肪珠加入葡聚糖-生理盐水缓释颗粒。B组同法加入葡聚糖VEGF—A缓释颗粒，C组同法植入加葡聚糖-bFGF缓释颗粒。在第7、14、30天，随机处死动物各1只，作常规组织切片，观察移植体脂肪细胞和前脂细胞的组织学表现．用墨汁灌注微血管显像法观察移植体血管早期生成密度。术后90天，将剩余9只大鼠处死．取移植体．测量残留质量。采用SPSSl6．0软件包对数据进行统计学处理。结果：植入术后7、14、30d，移植体A、B2组为经典的脂肪移植吸收．未见前脂肪细胞再生．而C组表现为新脂肪细胞激活再生。血管计数表明：7、14d时移植体B、C组均显著高于A组（P〈0．05），B、C2组无显著差异（P〉0．05），30d时，3组无显著差异。90d后，C组移植体的终质量显著大于A、B组（P〈0．05），A、B组之间无显著差异（P〉0．05）。结论：VEGF—A缓释体和bFGF缓释体均能促进早期血运重建．但bFGF缓释体还可有效激活移植体中的前脂细胞，因而保存了最大残留体积，为整形外科的自体脂肪植吸收提出了新的解决方法。

The biological effects of different cytokines on preadipocytes and early revascularization of autologous fat transplantation

PURPOSE： To investigate the biological effects of different cytokines on preadipocytes and earl）, revascularization of autologous fat transplantation. METHODS： Normal saline, 2 μg/mL VEGF-A and bFGF solution were prepared, and three kinds of delivery system were obtained. 36 SD rats were randomized into three groups （n=12）. Autologous fat transplantation from inguinal region to the back was performed in 3 groups. In group A, the fat pearl plus dextran-normal saline delivery system was used, in group B, the fat pearl plus dextran- VEGF-A delivery system was used and in group C, the fat pearl plus dextran- bFGF delivery system was used. At day 7, 14 and 30 after operation, a rat was sacrificed respectively for histological exam and microangiography in order to observe the histological appearance of preadipocytes and the density of neovascularizations. The implant remaining weight was evaluated at day 90 after operatin. The data analyzed with SPSS16.0 software package. RESULTS： Histologically, group A and B were similar in appearance showing typical transplantation absorption without preadipocytes regeneration at day 7, 14 and 30 days, whereas group C showed neoadipogenesis. Statistically, the density of neovascularization of group B and C was significantly higher than that of group A （P〈0.05）,but no significant differences （P〉0.05） was found between group B and C at day 7 and 14. At day 30, the density of neovascularization of three group showed no significant difference （P〉0.05）.The remaining weight in group C was significantly greater than that in group A and B （P〈O.05） whereas there was no significant difference between group A and B （P~）.05~ CONCLUSION： VEGF- dextran delivery system can stimulate early neovascularization~ bFGF--dextran delivery system can stimulate preadipocyte regeneration and early neovascularization~ The new scheme of fat transplant technique may be applied in plastic and reconstructive surgery in future