嗅球成鞘细胞在坐骨神经损伤后功能恢复中的作用

目的：探讨嗅球成鞘细胞（OECs）在坐骨神经损伤后促进神经功能恢复中的作用。方法：SD大鼠30只随机分成对照生理盐水（SAL）组和实验（OECs）组，采用硅胶管套接大鼠切断的坐骨神经，硅胶管内对照组给予SAL，实验组给予培养成活的新生大鼠OECs悬液，分别于术后30或90天，应用电生理检测，HRP逆行示踪法及轴突图像分析检测损伤的神经在电传导轴浆运输，髓鞘再生等方面的恢复情况。结果：术后30和90天，OECs组与SAL组比较：（1）OECs组损伤侧下肢复合肌肉动作电位（CMAP）的潜伏期（LAT）分别缩短了0.60ms和0.56ms;神经传导速度分别加快了6.42m/s和5.36m/s；波幅分别增加了3.92mv和5.84mv;（2）OECs组损伤侧脊髓前角HRP阳性细胞率分别增了11．63％和25．01％；（3）OECs组坐骨神经纤维数目分别增加了1047个/mm^2和1422个/mm^2，神经髓鞘厚度分别增加了0．43μm和0．63μm。结论：嗅球成鞘细胞对周围神经损伤后的神经功能恢复有积极的促进作用

OLFACTORY ENSHEATHING CELLS ENHANCE FUNCTIONAL RECOVERY OF INJURED SCIATIC NERVE

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of olfactory ensheathing cells (OECs) on functional recovery after sciatic nerve injury. METHODS: Upon silicone-tubulization of transected sciatic nerve in 30 adult rats. Thirty rats were divided into two groups(SAL group and OECs group); saline and OECs were injected into the silicone chamber in SAL group and in OECs group respectively. The status of functional recovery of injured sciatic nerve was observed by electrophysiological analysis, axon morphometry analysis. RESULTS: In OECs group on the 30th and the 90th days after sciatic nerve transection: 1. The latent period of CMAP shortened by 0.60 ms and 0.56 ms; the nerve conduction velocity promoted by 6.42 m/s and 5.36 m/s; the amplitude enhanced by 3.92 mv and 5.84 mv, respectively; 2. The HRP positive cells in lateral nucleus of spinal anterior horn increased by 11.63% and 25.01%; 3. The number of nerve fibers increased by 1,047/mm2 and 1,422/mm2 and the thickness of myelim sheath increased by 0.43 micron and 0.63 micron, respectively. CONCLUSION: The olfactory ensheathing cells are capable of promoting the functional recovery after peripheral nerve injury.