中西部地区儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目预防儿童龋病的2年效果评价

目的:探讨以口腔健康教育和窝沟封闭为主要内容的中西部地区儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目对二年级小学生龋病的预防作用。方法:随机选取襄阳市樊城区5所小学二年级学生共546人,记录(第一次检查)所有学生口腔保健知识知晓分数、是否正确刷牙和第一磨牙的龋坏情况。随机选择2所学校(学生222人)为对照组,对照组学生不作任何干预。另3所学校(学生324人)为干预组,干预组所有学生首先接受口腔健康教育,然后对其中238名学生(窝沟组)进行第一磨牙窝沟封闭,剩余86人(教育组)未进行窝沟封闭。两年后,对选取的546名学生进行第二次检查。结果:第一次检查保健知识知晓分数、正确刷牙率和第一磨牙龋均,对照组、教育组和窝沟组两两比较均无明显统计学差异。第二次检查中,干预组的保健知识知晓分数、正确刷牙率均明显高于对照组(P0.01);教育组和对照组的第一磨牙龋均无明显统计学差异(P0.05);窝沟组的第一磨牙龋均明显低于对照组。结论:中西部地区儿童口腔疾病综合干预项目可显著减少龋病的发生,从而预防儿童龋病。

Two-year evaluation of preventive effects of the comprehensive intervention project of children＆#39;s oral diseases in central and western china for children＆#39;s dental caries

Objective The aim of this study is to discuss preventive effects of the Comprehensive Intervention Project of Children＇s Oral Diseases in Central and Western China for second-year pupils. Methods This study randomly selected 546 second-year pupils from 5 primary schools in Fancheng district,Xiangyang.The awareness score of oral health care, rightly brushing or not, and caries of the first molars were recorded for all students （the first survey）.Two schools were randomly selected as the control group （222 students）,and students in the control group didn＇t received any treatment. The other three schools were selected as the intervention group （324 students）, and all students in the intervention group received oral health education. 238 of them （the pit and fissure group） received pit and fissure sealant, the other 86 （the education group） received no treatment. Two years later, all the pupils＂ oral health conditions were investigated again （the second survey）. Results In the first survey, there was no significant difference among the three groups in the awareness score of oral health care, the rate of rightly brushing, and the caries prevalence of the first molars （P〉0.05）. In the second survey, the intervention group＇s awareness score of oral health care and rate of rightly brushing were significantly higher than that of the control group （P〈0.01）;there was no significant difference in the caries prevalence rate of the first molars between the education group and the control group （P〉0.05）;the pit and fissure group＇s caries prevalence rate of the first molars was significantly lower than that of the control group（P〈0.01）. Conclusion The comprehensive intervention project of children＇s oral diseases in central and western China can significantly reduce the occurrence of caries.