上海市浦东新区15~69岁常住居民健康素养与现在吸烟行为及相关性分析

目的了解上海市浦东新区居民健康素养与现在吸烟行为现状及相关性分析,为新区制定健康素养促进策略及控烟干预措施提供参考。方法采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法,2020年7—9月对上海市浦东新区15~69岁常住居民进行健康素养监测,调查居民社会人口学特征、健康素养及吸烟行为等。采用单因素、多因素Logistic回归方法分析健康素养与现在吸烟行为的相关性。结果在纳入2553名调查对象中,总体健康素养具备水平为31.57%,现在吸烟率为20.52%。调查对象在不同性别、年龄、婚姻状况、文化程度、职业、家庭年收入、是否患慢性病方面现在吸烟率差异均有统计学意义(均P<0.01),具备总体健康素养、3个方面和6类问题健康素养水平者现在吸烟率均低于不具备者(P<0.05或P<0.01)。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,女性(均OR<1,95%CI<1)、大专/本科以上文化程度(均OR<1,95%CI<1)、职业为学生者(均OR<1,95%CI<1)、具备总体健康素养者(OR=0.713,95%CI:0.542~0.937)以及健康理念和基本知识素养者(OR=0.715,95%CI:0.530~0.964)现在吸烟行为可能性较低,职业为其他者(OR=2.384,95%CI:1.006~5.654)现在吸烟行为可能性较高。结论现在吸烟行为与居民健康素养水平高低相关,应深入开展吸烟危害健康教育,提高健康素养水平以降低人群吸烟率。

Correlation of health literacy and current smoking among permanent residents aged 15 - 69 years in Pudong New Area,Shanghai

Objective To understand the current situation and correlation between health literacy and current smoking behavior among residents in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, and provide a reference for health promotion interventions and tobacco control. Methods Using the multi-stage stratified random sampling method, the health literacy of permanent residents aged 15-69 years in Pudong New Area, Shanghai, was monitored from July to September 2020, and the socio-demographic characteristics, health literacy, and smoking behavior of residents were investigated. Univariate and multivariate Logistic regression analysis methods were used to analyze the correlation between health literacy and current smoking behavior. Results Among the 2 553 subjects, the total health literacy level was 31.57%, and the current smoking rate was 20.52%. There were significant differences in current smoking rates among respondents in terms of gender, age group, marital status, educational level, occupation, annual family income, and chronic diseases （all P<0.01）. The current smoking rate among those with total health literacy, three aspects, and six types of health literacy problems was lower than those without （P<0.05 or P<0.01）. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that women （all OR<1,95%CI<1）, college/bachelor's degree or above （all OR<1,95%CI<1）, students （all OR<1,95%CI<1）, those with total health literacy （OR=0.713,95% CI:0.542~0.937）, and health concept basic knowledge and literacy （OR=0.715,95% CI:0.530~0.964） were less likely to current smoke, and those with other occupation （OR=2.384,95% CI:1.006~5.654） were more likely to current smoke. Conclusion Smoking behavior is associated with the level of health literacy among residents. To reduce the smoking rate, we need to carry out in-depth health education on the harm of smoking and improve the level of health literacy.