汉族人群围度、皮褶厚度及体脂的地区差异

目的：探讨围度、皮褶厚度和体脂表型在汉族人群间的地区差异。方法：2015 年至2019 年，在广西南宁、河南郑州、江苏泰州3 个地区，调查了共计3 003 例汉族个体样本的32 项围度、皮褶厚度和体脂等表型，并对其进行性别差异分析、年龄与表型间的相关性分析、地区差异分析、主成分分析。结果：绝大多数围度、皮褶厚度和体脂表型在3 个汉族人群中均存在明显的性别间和地区间差异，年龄与部分表型呈正或负相关性。无论男女，广西汉族的围度与体脂明显小于河南和江苏汉族，在第一主成分上与河南、江苏两地区较好地区分开，而河南汉族的皮褶厚度则明显大于广西和江苏汉族。此外，在女性样本中，江苏女性的内脏脂肪率、身体脂肪率明显大于河南和广西女性。结论：围度、皮褶厚度和体脂等表型在3 个汉族人群间存在明显的地区差异，支持汉族人群存在南、北、中部3 个地区类型。

Regional differences in body circumference,skinfold thicknessand body fat among Han populations*

Objective To explore the regional differences in body circumference， skinfold thickness， and body fatamong Han populations. Methods From 2015 to 2019， a total of 3 003 Han Chinese individuals were investigatedin Nanning （Guangxi）， Zhengzhou （Henan）， and Taizhou （Jiangsu）. The 32 phenotypes of body circumference，skinfold thickness， and body fat were used for gender difference analysis， correlation analysis between age andphenotypes， regional difference analysis， and principal component analysis. Results There were significant genderand regional differences in most of the circumference， skinfold thickness， and body fat phenotypes among the threeHan populations， and certain phenotypes were positively or negatively correlated to age. For both male and female，the circumference and body fat of the Han Chinese population in Guangxi were significantly smaller than those of theHan Chinese population in Henan and Jiangsu， and the Han Chinese population in Guangxi was more distinguishedfrom Henan and Jiangsu on the first principal component. Meanwhile， the skinfold thickness of the Han Chinesepopulation in Henan was significantly larger than that of Guangxi and Jiangsu. Furthermore， the visceral fat rate andbody fat rate of the Han Chinese population in Jiangsu women were significantly higher than those of Henan andGuangxi women. Conclusion The phenotypes such as circumference， skinfold thickness， and body fat do havesignificant regional differenes among the three Han Chinese populations， which supports the pattern of three types ofHan Chinese population in the northern ， southern and central regions of China.