兰州地区腹泻患儿沙门菌耐药性与分子分型分析

目的 了解兰州地区腹泻患儿沙门菌的血清型分布特征,耐药状况及分子分型特征,为儿童沙门菌感染的防治提供依据。方法 2018-2020年收集兰州地区哨点医院腹泻患儿粪便标本中分离的149株沙门菌菌株进行血清学分型、药物敏感试验和脉冲场电泳分型。结果 腹泻患儿感染沙门菌以夏秋季为主,1~3岁幼儿居多,占59.73%。149株沙门菌分为33个血清型,其中肠炎沙门菌和鼠伤寒沙门菌为优势血清型,分别占30.87%和28.19%。沙门菌对氨苄西林耐药率最高为79.87%,多重耐药率为78.52%,其中鼠伤寒沙门菌和肠炎沙门菌多重耐药率分别为80.95%、76.09%。经PFGE分子分型将肠炎沙门菌分为20个带型,包含2株及以上的带型有6种;鼠伤寒沙门菌分为30个带型,ST1带型包含2株菌。结论 兰州市腹泻患儿中沙门菌以非伤寒沙门菌为主,耐药率呈上升趋势,多重耐药严重,肠炎沙门菌PFGE分型同源性较高,鼠伤寒沙门菌带型呈多样性分布。

Characteristics of drug resistance and molecular typing of Salmonella in children with diarrhea in Lanzhou

This study aimed to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of Salmonella infection in children through investigation of the serotype distribution characteristics, drug resistance status and molecular typing characteristics of Salmonella in children with diarrhea in Lanzhou. A total of 149 Salmonella strains isolated from stool samples of children with diarrhea in sentinel hospitals in Lanzhou from 2018 to 2020 were collected for serological typing, drug sensitivity testing and pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Children with diarrhea in Lanzhou were infected with Salmonella primarily in the summer and autumn, and most children (59.73%) were 1 to 3 years of age. The 149 strains were divided into 33 serotypes, among which Salmonella enteritidis and S. typhimurium were dominant, accounting for 30.87% and 28.19% respectively. The drug resistance rate of Salmonella was highest to ampicillin (79.87%), and the multiple drug resistance rate reached 78.52%; the multiple drug resistance rates of S. typhimurium and S. enteritidis reached 80.95% and 76.09%, respectively. PFGE molecular typing was performed to divide the S. enteritidis into 20 bands. The band including two or more strains covered six types; S. typhimurium was divided into 30 bands, and the ST1 band covered two strains. In conclusion, non-typhoid Salmonella was the main Salmonella type in children with diarrhea in Lanzhou; the drug resistance rate showed a rising trend; the multiple drug resistance was severe; the PFGE typing homology of S. enteritidis was high; and the band types of S. typhimurium indicated the diversity distribution.