正念认知联合自我悲悯干预对胎儿畸形引产孕妇抑郁状态和创伤后成长的影响

目的　探讨正念认知联合自我悲悯干预对胎儿畸形引产孕妇抑郁状态和创伤后成长的影响。方法　随机选取2020年10月至2021年10月长沙市妇幼保健院产科收治入院的因胎儿畸形需引产的孕妇63例为研究对象。采用随机数字表法将其分为试验组（33例和对照组（30例）。对照组年龄23～38（29.21±7.03）岁，给予常规引产术后护理；试验组年龄22～39（28.72±7.65）岁，在对照组的基础上增加正念认知联合自我悲悯干预。比较两组干预前后自我悲悯水平、应激反应严重程度和产后抑郁状态及创伤后成长水平。采用t检验、卡方检验和秩和检验。结果　干预后，试验组普遍人性、自我友善及正念评分分别为（7.87±0.56）、（4.36±0.51）、（4.18±0.62）分，均明显高于对照组（均P<0.05）；试验组孤立感、自我批判、过度沉溺评分分别为（2.62±0.32）、（2.83±0.23）、（2.97±0.51）分，均显著低于对照组（均P<0.05）。试验组应激反应程度显著低于对照组（Z=3.310，P<0.05）。试验组抑郁评分（8.32±2.57）分，显著低于对照组的（11.25±2.27）分（t=4.776，P<0.05）。试验组人生感悟、个人力量、新的可能性、人际关系、自我转变评分及创伤后成长总评分分别为（19.50±4.35）、（10.01±2.25）、（15.65±3.35）、（9.87±3.67）、（16.21±2.34）、（83.35±13.25）分，均显著高于对照组（均P<0.05）。结论　正念认知联合自我悲悯干预应用于胎儿畸形引产孕妇可以提升其自我悲悯水平，降低其应激反应程度，显著改善其抑郁状态并有效促进创伤后成长，值得借鉴推广。

Effects of mindfulness cognition combined with self-compassion intervention on depression and post-traumatic growth of pregnant women induced by fetal malformation

Objective　To explore the effects of mindfulness cognition combined with self-compassion intervention on depression and post-traumatic growth of pregnant women induced by fetal malformation. Methods　Sixty-three pregnant women who needed induced labor due to fetal malformation hospitalized in Department of Obstetrics, Changsha Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital from October 2020 to October 2021 were randomly selected as the research objects. They were divided into an experimental group (33 cases) and a control group (30 cases) by the random number table method. The control group were 23-38 (29.21±7.03) years old, and were given routine postoperative nursing after induced labor. The experimental group were 22-39 (28.72±7.65) years old, and were intervened by mindfulness cognition and self-compassion on the basis of the control group. The levels of self-compassion, the severities of stress response, postpartum depression, and post-traumatic growth levels of the two groups were compared before and after the intervention. The t, chi square, and rank sum tests were applied. Results　After the intervention, the scores of general humanity, self-friendliness, and mindfulness were (7.87±0.56), (4.36±0.51), and (4.18±0.62) in the experimental group, which were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05); the scores of isolation, self-criticism, and excessive addiction were (2.62±0.32), (2.83±0.23), and (2.97±0.51) in the experimental group, which were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05); the degree of stress response in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (Z=3.310, P<0.05); the depression score in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group (8.32±2.57) vs. (11.25±2.27); t=4.776, P<0.05]; the scores of life perception, personal ability, new probability, interpersonal relation, and self-change and the total score of post-traumatic growth were (19.50±4.35), (10.01±2.25), (15.65±3.35), (9.87±3.67), (16.21±2.34), and (83.35±13.25) in the experimental group, which were higher than those in the control group (all P<0.05). Conclusion　Mindfulness cognition combined with self-compassion intervention applied to pregnant women taking fetal malformation induced labor can improve their self-compassion, depressive state, and post-traumatic growth, and reduce the degree of stress response, so it is worthy of reference and promotion.