妊娠合并地中海贫血的产科管理

妊娠合并地中海贫血（thalassemia）是一种发生在妊娠期的单基因组遗传的溶血性疾病。由于血液中血红蛋白的组成比例失衡,妊娠合并地中海贫血患者血液系统发生了改变,可能会影响母体的心脏功能,增加血栓形成风险,损害免疫系统,使内分泌系统紊乱等。以往研究关注妊娠合并地中海贫血的流行病学及发病机制,缺乏对其所带来的并发症的妊娠期管理、遗传咨询及产前诊断的系统性阐述。从病变类型和发病机制入手,深度剖析地中海贫血在妊娠期的特有并发症及相应的处理方式,以期能取得更好的妊娠结局及围生儿结局。

Obstetric Management of Pregnancy Complicated with Thalassemia

Pregnancy with thalassemia is a single-genome inherited hemolytic disease occurring during pregnancy. Due to the imbalance in the composition of hemoglobin in the blood, the blood system of pregnant patients has changed, which may affect the maternal heart function, increase the risk of thrombosis, damage the immune system, and disrupt endocrine system. Previous studies have focused on the epidemiology and pathogenesis of pregnancy-associated thalassemia, but lacked systematic elaboration on pregnancy management, genetic counseling and prenatal diagnosis of complications. This study started from the types of lesions and pathogenesis, and deeply analyzes the unique complications of thalassemia during pregnancy and the corresponding treatment methods, in order to achieve better pregnancy outcomes and perinatal outcomes.