大学生对娱乐性噪声致听力损失的知信行调查

目的 分析大学生群体对娱乐性噪声所致听力损失相关情况的知信行现状，为大学生群体的听力健康教育提供科学依据。方法 2020年2—4月采用“问卷星”网络平台对某综合性大学的455名学生进行问卷调查，收集学生基本信息、听力健康知识、听力健康信念与听力相关行为，采用有序logistic回归法分析听力健康信念对听力损失相关行为的影响。结果 收到有效问卷452份，问卷有效回收率为99.34%。187名大学生（占41.4%）认为自己的听力有一定程度的损失。30.1%的大学生每天使用耳机收听的时间在60 min以上，7.1%的学生将音量设定超过最大音量的60%,42.0%的学生戴着耳机听音乐或广播入睡。只有8.4%的学生知晓长期接触噪声致听力损失的阈值，15.0%的学生知晓噪声所致听力损失不可治愈。医科专业学生对噪声危害知识的知晓率、有关听力健康知识的得分较高（P <0.05），本科高年级学生有关听力健康知识的得分较高（P <0.05）。听力健康信念量表中的“自我效能”维度得分与每天戴耳机频率、每天戴耳机时长、嘈杂环境下提高耳机音量的概率、戴耳机听音乐或广播入睡的频率均成正相关（OR=1....

A survey of College Students' KAP on hearing loss caused by recreational noise

  Objective  To analyze the current situation of college students' knowledge, attitude and practice(KAP)about hearing loss caused by recreational noise, and provide scientific basis for college students' hearing health education.  Methods  During March to April 2020, 455 students from a comprehensive university were surveyed by the "questionnaire star" network platform.The students' basic information, hearing health knowledge, hearing health beliefs and hearing related behaviors were collected.The influence of hearing health beliefs on hearing loss related behaviors was analyzed using ordered logistic regression.  Results  Totally 452 valid questionnaires were received with recovery rate of 99.34%;187 college students(41.4%)thought that they had some degree of hearing loss; 30.1% of college students listened to the music with earphones for more than 60 minutes every day, 7.1% of them set the volume to exceed 60% of the maximum volume, and 42.0% of them would sleep with earphones listening to music or radio.Only 8.4% of the students knew the threshold of hearing loss caused by long-term exposure to noise, and 15.0% of the students knew that the hearing loss caused by noise was incurable.Medical students had a higher awareness rate of noise hazard knowledge and scores on hearing health knowledge(P < 0.05), while senior undergraduate students had a higher score on hearing health knowledge(P < 0.05).The score of "self-efficacy" dimension in the hearing health belief scale was positively correlated with the frequency of wearing earphones every day, the use time of wearing earphones every day, the probability of increasing the volume of earphones in a noisy environment, and the frequency of listening to music or radio to sleep(OR=1.056 - 1.083, P < 0.05);The dimension of "perceived change disorder" was negatively correlated with the frequency of wearing earphones every day(OR=0.967, P < 0.05).  Conclusions  The college students' cognition of hearing health knowledge and the harm of recreational noise was insufficient, and their hearing health beliefs need to be improved.There was a correlation between hearing health beliefs and hearing loss related behaviors.We should strengthen the health education of college students, especially non-medical college students, to promote them to change their bad hearing loss related behaviors and reduce the risk of hearing loss.