精细化护理干预对维持性血液透析患者透析间期体质量控制的效果观察

目的　观察采用精细化护理干预对维持性血液透析患者透析间期体质量控制的效果。方法　选取2019年10月至2021年4月在广州市花都区人民医院接受维持性血液透析患者92例为研究对象，以随机抽取法分为研究组和对照组，各46例。研究组男27例，女19例，年龄（59.72±12.24）岁；对照组男24例，女22例，年龄（58.02±12.48）岁。对照组采用常规护理方法，研究组在常规护理的基础上对患者实施6个月的精细化护理干预。比较两组的体质量控制情况、并发症发生率、护理满意度。统计学方法采用独立样本t检验、χ²检验。结果　护理干预前，两组患者的体质量控制结果比较差异均无统计学意义（均P>0.05）。护理干预后，对照组体质量控制<3%的患者为5例、>5%的患者为10例，研究组体质量控制<3%的患者为19例、>5%的患者为1例，研究组明显优于对照组，差异均有统计学意义（均P<0.05）。研究组透析治疗过程中并发症发生率均明显低于对照组（均P<0.05）。研究组患者的护理总满意度明显高于对照组［97.82%（45/46）比76.09%（34/46）］，两组比较差异有统计学意义（χ²=6.907，P=0.009）。结论　精细化护理干预可以有效地控制维持性血液透析患者透析间期体质量的增长，提高患者的透析质量，降低血液透析并发症发生率，值得推广。

Effect of fine nursing intervention on weight control of maintenance hemodialysis patients during the interdialytic period

Objective　To observe the effect of fine nursing intervention on weight control of maintenance hemodialysis patients during the interdialytic period. Methods　A total of 92 patients receiving maintenance hemodialysis in People's Hospital of Huadu District from October 2019 to April 2021 were selected as the research objects, and they were divided into two groups by the random draw method. There were 27 males and 19 females in the research group, aged (59.72±12.24) years; there were 24 males and 22 females in the control group, aged (58.02±12.48) years. The control group received routine nursing methods, and the research group received fine nursing intervention on the basis of routine nursing for 6 months. The body weight control, complication rate, and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Independent sample t test and χ² test were used for statistical analysis. Results　Before nursing intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the body weight control between the two groups (P>0.05). After nursing intervention, the body weight control of the control group was less than 3% in 5 cases and >5% in 10 cases, the body weight control of the research group was less than 3% in 19 cases and >5% in 1 case, and those in the research group were significantly better than those in the control group, with statistically significant differences (both P<0.05). The incidences of complications during dialysis treatment in the research group were significantly lower than those in the control group (all P<0.05). The nursing satisfaction in the research group was significantly higher than that in the control group 97.82% (45/46) vs. 76.09% (34/46)], with a statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ²=6.907, P=0.009). Conclusion　Fine nursing intervention can effectively control the weight gain of maintenance hemodialysis patients during the interdialytic period, improve their quality of dialysis, and reduce the incidence of hemodialysis related complications, worthy of promotion.