2020年马鞍山市洪涝灾害期间病媒生物调查结果分析

摘要：目的  了解洪涝灾害期间马鞍山市主要病媒生物的密度及分布，为采取有效应对措施提供科学依据。方法  2020年在马鞍山市洪涝灾害较为严重的含山县、和县，选择洪涝灾害居民临时安置点或自然村作为调查实施区域，开展蚊、蝇和鼠类调查，计算媒介密度、路径指数等。结果  蚊类平均密度为34.27只/（台·夜），其中三带喙库蚊为优势蚊种，占总捕获蚊数的67.11%（253/377），蚊类路径指数为2.40处/km；蝇类平均密度为6.40只/笼，其中农贸市场蝇密度最高，为11.33只/笼；夹夜法未捕获鼠类，路径法发现鼠迹数9处，路径指数为7.8处/km。结论  洪涝灾害期间马鞍山市病媒生物密度处于较高水平，需重视洪涝灾害期间的病媒生物防制工作，维护灾后环境卫生。

Results of the vectors surveyed during the flood disaster in Ma'anshan City in 2020

Abstract: Objective   To understand the density and distribution of the main vector organisms in Ma'anshan City during the flood disaster for scientific evidences to take corresponding effective measures against the infection. Methods   The density of mosquitoes, flies and rodents was investigated in the sites of temporary resettlement and villages where victims returned to and surrounding farmlands in Hanshan County and Hexian County with severe flood disasters in Ma'anshan City, and calculate the media density and path index. Results   The average density for mosquito was 34.27 captured by each lamp during the night. Culex tritaeniorhynchus were most seen, which accounted for 67.11% (253/377) of the total mosquitoes trapped. The route index for the mosquito was 2.40 places/km. Average density for the fly was 6.40/cage, with the highest in the farmer's market (11.33/cage). The rodents were not captured by night-trap method, and found in 9 places by tracks. The path index was 7.8/km. Conclusion   The density of vector organisms caused by flood disasters is at a high level in Ma'anshan City. The results suggest that it is necessary to pay attention to the prevention and control of vector organisms during the flood disaster and maintain the environmental sanitation after disaster.