2017—2021年泉州市土源性线虫感染流动监测结果分析

目的 了解泉州市土源性线虫的感染现状及影响因素，为制定防控措施提供数据支撑。方法 根据《全国肝吸虫病和土源性线虫病监测方案(试行)》和《福建省重点寄生虫病监测方案(试行)》的要求，2017—2021年选取泉州市安溪县、晋江市、南安市、石狮市、永春县、泉港区等6个县(市、区)的30个行政村作为土源性线虫病流动监测点，收集监测点3岁以上常住居民的粪便。采用改良加藤厚涂片法(一粪二检)检测粪便中虫卵并计数，计算感染率，用试管滤纸培养法鉴定钩虫种类。3～9岁儿童加做透明胶纸肛拭法检测蛲虫卵。结果 2017—2021年共调查6 021人，粪检检出土源性线虫感染者共32人，总感染率为0.53%，钩虫、鞭虫和蛲虫的感染率分别为0.35%、0.03%和0.15%，无混合感染，无蛔虫感染。不同地区、性别、年龄组及职业人群的感染率差异均有统计学意义(χ²=13.552、5.170、18.551、18.073,P均<0.05)，其中女性、60岁以上年龄段人群以及农民感染率较高。不同文化程度人群中，文盲或半文盲人群感染率较高，大专及以上人群未检出感染者。肛拭法检测3～9岁儿童1 0...

Analysis on the mobile surveillance results of soil-transmitted nematode infection in Quanzhou City from 2017 to 2021

Objective  To understand the endemic status and the influencing factors of soil-transmitted nematode (STN) infection in Quanzhou City for data to support formulating of prevention and control measures. Methods  By the requirements specified in the National Surveillance Program for Liver Fluke Disease and STN (Trial document) and Surveillance Program for Human Key Parasitic Diseases of Fujian Province (Trial document), we established 30 mobile surveillance sites in the 30 administrative villages under Anxi County, Jinjiang City, Nan'an City, Shishi City, Yongchun County and Quangang District of Quanzhou City from 2017 to 2021, and collected the fecal samples from permanent residents over 3 years old living in mobile surveillance sites. Modified Kato-Katz thick smear (one sample for two tests) was used to microscopically count the parasite eggs, and the infection rate was calculated. The species of hookworms were identified by culture method (tubes with filter paper). Enterobius vermicularis infection was additionally detected among children aged 3 to 9 years old using cellophane anal swab. Results  In total, 6 021 people were surveyed from 2017 to 2021, which revealed infection with STN in 32, with a total infection rate being 0.53%. The infection rate of hookworm, Trichuris trichiura and E.vermicularis was 0.35%, 0.03% and 0.15% respectively. There were no mixed infection and Ascaris infection. There was significant difference in the infection rate among different regions, genders, ages and occupations (χ²=13.552, 5.170, 18.551, 18.073, respectively, all P<0.05). The highest infection rate was seen in females, population aged over 60 years and farmers. For population with different degree of education, the illiterate or semi-illiterate were the most affected, and the infection was free in population with degree of college or above. Anal swab tests in 1 042 children aged between 3 and 9 years showed that the infection rate was 5.95% (62/1 042), and the difference was significant in children from different districts (χ²=105.122, 16.950, both P<0.05), in which the infection rate was the highest in Jinjiang City. No infection was detected in Yongchun County. Children aged 6 years had the highest infection rate, yet the infection was free in children of 9 years. Conclusion  The prevalence of soil-transmitted nematodiasis remains at a low level in Quanzhou City from 2017 to 2021. The children and the left-behind elderly over 60, as a key population for the prevention and control of STN, should be continuously strengthened in surveillance and health education.