高原环境暴露的脑MRI研究进展

高原低氧低压环境会引起人脑病理生理变化。MRI检查可以无创探查脑结构和功能变化。结构MRI包括常规MRI、基于体素的形态学分析（VBM）、基于表面的形态学测量（SBM）和扩散张量成像（DTI）；功能MRI主要包括血氧水平依赖（BOLD）脑功能成像和灌注加权成像（PWI）。与常规MRI相比，其他几种新的MRI技术具有能对病变定量和高敏感度的特点，有利于高原疾病的早期防治。就高原环境暴露下的脑结构和功能MRI研究进行综述。

Advances in MRI studies on the influence of high altitude environmental exposure

Hypobaric hypoxia environment can cause pathophysiological changes in human brain. Magnetic resonance imaging examination can be used to noninvasively detect the changes in brain structure and function. Structural MRI includes conventional MRI, voxel-based morphological analysis, surface-based morphometry, diffusion tensor imaging, while functional MRI mainly includes blood oxygen level dependent functional MRI and perfusion-weighted imaging. Compared with conventional MRI, other emerging MRI techniques have the characteristics of obtaining quantitative information of lesions and high sensitivity, which is conducive to the early prevention and treatment of altitude diseases. This paper reviews the current status of MRI studies the influence of high altitude environmental exposure on brain structural and functional MRI.