产妇泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟发生现况及母婴相关行为因素

目的 调查产妇泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟发生现况并分析母婴相关行为因素,为做好泌乳指导工作提供依据。方法 于2020年6月至2021年12月对郑州市2所医院产科分娩的2 103例产妇进行问卷调查,获取其个人情况,统计产妇泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟发生率并分析孕期及产后行为与产妇泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟发生的相关性。结果 共获得有效调查对象2 064例,泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟456例,发生率为22.09%。多因素Logistic回归分析结果显示分娩方式（OR=2.438）、母婴同室（OR=0.393）、孕期参加孕妇学校学习（OR=0.773）、产前母乳喂养指导（OR=0.850）、产后母婴接触时间（OR=0.640）、产后催乳（OR=0.723）、首次吸吮乳房时间（OR=2.021）、每日吸吮乳房次数（OR=0.693）是泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟发生的影响行为。结论 郑州市产妇泌乳Ⅱ期启动延迟发生与其孕期及产后多种行为相关,如生产方式、母婴同室、参加孕妇学校学习、产前母乳喂养指导、产后母婴接触时间、产后催乳、首次吸吮乳房时间、每日吸吮乳房次数,应对以上行为给予足够重视,增加泌乳促进行为,以提高母乳喂养率。

Incidence of delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation and related behavioral factors of mothers and infants

Objective To investigate the incidence of delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation and analyze the related behavioral factors of mothers and infants, to provide reference for the guidance of lactation. Methods From June 2020 to December 2021, a questionnaire survey was conducted on 2 103 parturients in 2 hospitals in Zhengzhou to obtain their personal information, calculated the incidence of delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation and analyzed the correlation between pregnancy and postpartum behavior and the delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation. Results A total of 2 064 effective subjects were obtained. There were 456 cases of delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation, and the incidence rate was 22.09%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that delivery modes （OR=2.438 ）, direct rooming-in （OR=0.393）, school study for pregnant women during pregnancy （OR=0.773）, prenatal breastfeeding guidance （OR=0.850）, postpartum mother-to-infant contact time （OR=0.640）, postpartum lactation （OR=0.723）, first breast sucking time （OR=2.021）, and daily breast sucking frequency （OR=0.693） were the influencing behaviors of delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation. Conclusions The delayed initiation of stage Ⅱ lactation in Zhengzhou is related to a variety of behaviors during pregnancy and postpartum, such as delivery modes, direct rooming-in, school study for pregnant women, prenatal breastfeeding guidance, postpartum mother-to-infant contact time, postpartum lactation, first breast sucking time, and daily breast sucking frequency. Sufficient attention should be paid to the above behaviors to increase lactation promotion behaviors so as to improve breastfeeding rate.