放射性皮肤纤维化的研究进展

放射性皮肤纤维化是电离辐射作用于皮肤组织后的晚期效应，是放射性核事故和肿瘤放疗等之后常见的晚期并发症，严重影响患者的生活质量。放射性皮肤纤维化表现为皮肤外观的改变、皮肤弹性消失与挛缩、皮肤坚硬难以捏起折痕，可伴发毛细血管扩张、疼痛与瘙痒，部分患者甚至会发生进展性的纤维化，反复出现皮肤感染。目前关于放射性皮肤纤维化的发生机制尚不完全清楚，也缺乏针对性的救治手段及有效治疗药物。因此，深入探索电离辐射所致放射性皮肤纤维化的机制，寻找更有效的防治手段显得尤为重要。笔者就放射性皮肤纤维化的影响因素、临床表现、发生机制及其治疗方法等进行综述，并对其发展进行展望，旨在为放射性皮肤纤维化的研究提供参考。

Research progress on radiation-induced skin fibrosis

Radiation-induced skin fibrosis is a late effect of radiation-induced skin injury. It is a common complication of tumor radiotherapy and radioactive nuclear accidents, which seriously affects the life quality of patients. Radiation-induced skin fibrosis is characterized by changes in skin appearance, loss of skin elasticity and contracture, hard skin and difficult to pinch creases, which may be accompanied by capillary dilatation, pain and itching. Some patients may even develop progressive fibrosis and recurrent skin infections. However, the mechanism of radiation-induced skin fibrosis is not completely clear at present, and there are no effective drugs and therapies to prevent or mitigate this disease. Therefore, it is particularly important to explore the mechanism of ionizing radiation-induced skin fibrosis and find more effective prevention and treatment methods. This article reviews the influencing factors, clinical manifestations, mechanism and treatment of radiation-induced skin fibrosis, and prospects its development, aiming to provide a reference for the research of radiation-induced skin fibrosis.