子宫腺肌病发生血栓性病变的风险及临床特点

子宫腺肌病（adenomyosis）是育龄期女性常见的良性疾病之一,主要临床表现为痛经、月经过多及不孕,严重影响患者的生活质量。近年来,国内外学者相继报道了30多例子宫腺肌病发生血栓性病变的病例,包括脑梗死、弥散性血管内凝血和静脉血栓栓塞症,这些病例多发生于月经期。分析这些患者的病变特点后发现,子宫腺肌病患者发生血栓性病变的危险因素包括炎症、组织因子表达增加、血糖类抗原125（CA125）水平升高、月经过多和子宫体积增大等。子宫腺肌病患者一旦发生血栓性病变,将增加临床上诊断和治疗的难度。了解子宫腺肌病患者凝血功能的变化和警惕其发生血栓性疾病的风险将有助于提高子宫腺肌病的诊疗准确率和安全性。

Risk and Clinical Characteristics of Thrombotic Disease in Patients with Adenomyosis

Adenomyosis is one of the most common benign diseases in gynecology. The clinical manifestations of adenomyosis are dysmenorrhea, menorrhagia and infertility, which seriously affect the quality of life of patients. In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have reported more than 30 cases of thrombotic disease in patients with adenomyosis, including cerebral infarction, disseminated intravascular coagulation and venous thromboembolism, most of which occurred during menstruation. After analyzing the characteristics of these patients, it was found that the risk factors for thrombotic disease in patients with adenomyosis included inflammation, increased tissue factor expression, increased blood CA125 level, menorrhagia and enlarged uterine. Once thrombotic diseases occur in women with adenomyosis, it will increase the difficulty of clinical diagnosis and treatment. Understanding the changes of coagulation function in patients with adenomyosis and being alert to the risk of thrombotic diseases will help us to improve the accuracy and safety for diagnosing and treating adenomyosis.