某市木质家具制造企业木粉尘危害对工人肺通气功能影响的调查

  目的  探讨某市木质家具制造企业木粉尘危害现状及其对工人肺功能的影响。
  方法  选择某市职业健康监管平台中3家木质家具制造企业产生木粉尘的岗位及其生产工人作为研究对象，测定粉尘接触岗位中木粉尘的浓度。调查所有工人的基本情况，并用SinBo肺通气功能仪测定其肺通气功能。
  结果  共检测56个接尘岗位，其中21个岗位（占37.50%）的木粉尘浓度超标。56个接尘岗位木粉尘的平均浓度为（1.76 ± 0.32）mg/m3，其中锣机、车床、开料岗位的木粉尘浓度较高。本次研究共调查接触木粉尘工人411名，肺通气功能正常370名（占90.02%），有肺通气功能障碍41名（占9.98%）。logistic回归分析结果显示:接尘浓度、工龄每增加一个等级，工人肺通气功能障碍发生风险分别增加3.52、3.42倍（P < 0.05）。吸烟、年龄对工人肺通气功能也有重要影响。
  结论  某市木质家具制造企业木粉尘浓度较高，对工人肺通气功能造成了影响。应加强生产工艺的改革和对木粉尘危害的工程控制，加强对接触较高浓度木粉尘、工龄较长工人的职业健康检查，预防肺部疾病的发生。

Effect of wood dust exposure on workers' pulmonary function in wood furniture manufacturing enterprises

  Objective  To study the current condition situation of wood dust in wood furniture manufacturing enterprises and its effects on workers' pulmonary function in a city.  Methods  Three wood furniture manufacturing enterprises registered on the occupational health supervising platform were studied. The airborne wood dust was collected and general information of all workers was collected while the pulmonary function was measured by SinBo pulmonary function meter.  Results  Totally 56 workplaces with wood dust exposure were evaluated in this study, and the average concentration of wood dust was (1.76 ± 0.32)mg/m3； 21 workplaces (37.5%) were found that airborne wood dust concentration was higher than exposure limit. The wood dust concentrations at workplaces engaged in gong machine process, lathes machine process and materials cutting were higher than those in other workplaces(P < 0.05). A total of 411 workers exposed to wood dust were enrolled in this study, and 370 workers (90.02%) had normal pulmonary ventilation function and 41 workers (9.98%) had impaired pulmonary ventilation function. The logistic regression analysis showed that risk of pulmonary ventilation dysfunction increased by 3.52 and 3.42 times, compared with the lower exposure (< 1.76 mg/m3)and less working time (< 5 years), respectively (P < 0.05), while the age and smoking played important role.  Conclusions  The concentration of wood dust in the wood furniture manufacturing enterprises in this city was high, which could affect the pulmonary ventilation function of workers. The reform of production process and the engineering control of wood dust should be strengthened, and the occupational health examination should be done to find earlier abnormality and to prevent further damage.