先天性颗粒细胞龈瘤的临床病理分析

目的 探讨先天性颗粒细胞龈瘤的临床特征和病理学特点，为临床诊断、鉴别诊断及治疗提供参考。 方法 回顾性分析2008年2月—2022年3月就诊于浙江大学医学院附属儿童医院的9例先天性颗粒细胞龈瘤病例，对其临床特点、病理学特点、治疗、预后等进行总结。 结果 9例患者均为女性，就诊年龄1~38 d，上颌3例、下颌6例，6例在母亲孕28~39周B超发现，3例出生时发现，肿瘤直径0.5~3.5 cm，肿物均有蒂与牙槽嵴相连。1例局麻下手术切除，其余8例全麻下手术切除，随访1个月~12年，愈合良好无复发，其中2例相应部位乳牙过早萌出。病理检查结果均为先天性颗粒细胞龈瘤。 结论 先天性颗粒细胞龈瘤是良性肿瘤，预后良好，一般不复发。母亲孕期B超是早期发现先天性颗粒细胞龈瘤的重要手段，病理学检查对先天性颗粒细胞龈瘤的诊断具有关键作用，一般手术切除肿瘤即可，无需扩大切除。

Clinical and pathological analysis of congenital granular cell tumor

Objective This study aims to explore the clinical and pathological characteristics of congenital granular cell tumors and provide some references for clinical diagnosis, differential diagnosis, and treatment. Methods Nine ca-ses of congenital granular cell tumors who visited the Children’s Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine from February 2008 to March 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Herein, its clinical characteristics, pathological characteristics, treatment, and prognosis were summarized and analyzed. Results We found that nine patients were all female, aged 1‑38 days when they saw the doctor. Three of them were attached in maxillary and the other six were attached in mandible. Meanwhile, six tumors were found during the mother's pregnancy at 28-39 weeks and three tumors were found at the baby's birth. One case was excised surgically under local anesthesia, and the other cases were excised surgically under general anesthesia. After 1 month to 12 years of follow-up, patients have no recurrence, however, two cases emerged new teeth from the tumor resection site. Histopathology of all excised lesions was congenital granular cell lesion. Conclusion Congenital granular cell tumor is a benign tumor and the prognosis is good. Therefore, surgical resection of the tumor can be done without extensive resection, and it generally does not relapse. Thus, ultrasonography during pregnancy is an important method for the early detection of congenital granular cell epulis.