乌鲁木齐铁路旅客艾滋病知识、态度及健康教育需求调查

目的了解乌鲁木齐铁路旅客艾滋病相关知识、态度以及健康教育需求,为更好地开展铁路艾滋病防制工作提供参考依据。方法采用多阶段整群抽样方法,选择乌鲁木齐至北京、上海、汉口、成都的普快和特快列车,对随机抽取的车厢内的每一位旅客进行自填式问卷调查。结果2.3%的调查对象没有听说过艾滋病。＂蚊虫叮咬不会传播艾滋病病毒＂、＂看起来健康的人可能是艾滋病病毒感染者＂、＂保持一个性伙伴可以降低艾滋病传播的危险＂、＂同桌吃饭不会传播艾滋病病毒＂和＂正确使用安全套可以降低艾滋病传播的危险＂5个知识点的知晓率分别为42.2%、56.3%、72.8%、77.7%和78.9%。全部正确掌握5个知识点的人占20.9%。不同年龄组和不同文化程度旅客艾滋病知识知晓率间的差异均具有统计学意义（P〈0.05）。57.2%的铁路旅客最感兴趣的宣传内容是艾滋病预防措施。旅客认为最适合在铁路站车开展的宣传方式为广播（69.5%）、宣传手册（47.0%）、宣传画（38.4%）和电视（38.3%）。结论铁路旅客的艾滋病知识知晓率较低。以广播、宣传手册为主要宣传形式,以艾滋病预防措施等内容为重点,有针对性地开展艾滋病健康教育活动,有利于提高铁路旅客的艾滋病防控能力。

Survey on HIV/AIDS knowledge, attitudes and needs for health education among train passengers in Urumchi City

Objective To investigate AIDS-related knowledge, attitudes and needs among train passengers in U- rumchi City. Methods Passengers by trains from Urumchi to Beijing, Shanghai, Hankou and Chengdu cities were se- lected by multi-stage cluster sampling to undergo a questionnaire survey. Results 2. 3% of the participants never heard a- bout HIV/AIDS. The awareness rates of the participants to the questions about ＂a person can＇ t get HIV by mosquito bites＂, ＂a healthy-looking person can have HIV＇, ＂having sex with only one faithful, uninfected partner can reduce the risk of transmission＂, ＂a person can＇ t get HIV by sharing a meal with someone who is infected HIV＂, and ＂the risk of HIV transmission can be reduced by using condoms＂ were 42. 2%, 56. 3%, 72. 8%, 77.7%, and 78. 9%, respectively. 20.9% of the participants correctly answered the five questions above. Univariate analysis showed that influencing factors of the passengers＇ awareness were age and education （P 〈 0. 05 ）. The most interested content was how to prevent AIDS （57.2%）. The suitable channels to propagandize AIDS-related knowledge were broadcasting （69.5%）, handbook （47.0%）, poster （ 38.4% ） and TV （ 38.3% ）. Conclusion The awareness of train passengers about AIDS-related knowledge was low. And giving propaganda priority to preventive measures for HIV/AIDS though broadeasting and hand- book should enhance the HIV/AIDS preventive ability of train passengers.