民航飞行学员认知能力倾向测试系统的研制及信效度检验

目的研制"民航飞行学员认知能力倾向测试系统",对该系统的信度和效度进行检验,为民航飞行员心理选拔及认知能力的评估提供工具。方法通过文献回顾、专家访谈和胜任力建模的方法确定认知能力倾向测试系统的测验维度和测试指标,并据此开发基于局域网的计算机化测试系统。使用该系统对444名中国民航飞行学员进行测试。收集217人的数据对内部一致性信度进行检测;其中89人在4周后进行重测,对重测信度进行检验;另有227名学员在完成13 h飞行成绩考核后以收集教员考核的评定作为效标,采用效标关联效度对预测效度进行检验。结果认知能力倾向测试10个指标的内部一致性信度克伦巴赫α系数为0.781~0.943,重测相关系r为0.725~0.900(P0.01)。认知测试指标可以解释效标因变量16.8%的变异。结论"民航飞行学员认知能力倾向测试系统"的重测信度、内部一致性信度及预测效度良好,均符合设计的构思和要求,对飞行员的心理选拔和认知能力评估有一定意义。

DEVELOPMENT AND PSYCHOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF COGNITIVE APTITUDE BATTERY FOR CHINESE AB-INITIO PILOTS IN CIVIL AVIATION

Objective To develop＂Cognitive aptitude battery for Chinese ab-initio pilots in civil aviation＂,and to assess its reliability and validity for the purpose of providing a tool for Chinese civil aviation pilots psychological selection and cognitive evaluation. Methods According to previous literature and experimental research,the preliminary testing dimensions and index to measure ab-initio pilot cognitive aptitude were determined. Then the computerized＂Cognitive aptitude battery for Chinese ab-initio pilots in civil aviation＂based on local area network was developed. This battery was tested in 444 civil aviation student pilots. Two hundred and seventeen student pilots＇ data were tested for reliability（ the coefficient of internal consistency）,and 89 of them were re-tested for the test-retest reliability after 4 weeks. Another 227 student pilots were tested with Cognitive aptitude battery,and were evaluated by their instructors after 13 hour flight performance assessment. Criterion-related validity were used to test the predicted validity. Results The coefficients of internal consistency were 0. 781 ～0. 943,the correlated coefficients of test-retest reliability were 0. 725 ～0. 900（ P〈0. 01）. The whole cognitive aptitude battery could account for 16. 8% of the variation of the criterion. Conclusions The coefficient of internal consistency,test-retest reliability,and criterion-related validity of the cognitve aptitude battery have met the psychometric requirements of the design, which may be useful for pilot psychological selection and cognitive evaluation.