不同海拔驻地官兵进驻高海拔地区后睡眠质量及认知功能的比较

目的对比分析不同海拔高度驻地部队进驻同一更高海拔地区后睡眠质量及认知功能的改变,为制定高原睡眠保障措施提供参考依据。方法选择原驻地海拔3700 m官兵109名和原驻地海拔500 m官兵99名作为调查对象。当调查对象进驻海拔4400 m高原2周时,采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表(PSQI)进行睡眠质量问卷调查,并以PSQI总分≥7作为睡眠质量下降的参考界值;采用数字广度、数字译码和目标追踪进行认知功能测试。结果原驻地海拔500 m官兵PSQI总分为(6.39±3.13),明显高于原驻地海拔3700 m官兵(5.13±2.61),P0.05;前者PSQI总分≥7的检出率为33.6%,高于后者的26.6%(P0.05)。在所有PSQI因子项中,原驻地海拔500 m官兵的得分均明显高于原驻地海拔3700 m官兵,其中在主观睡眠质量、入睡时间、睡眠时间、睡眠效率和睡眠障碍上,差异有显著性(P0.05);与原驻地海拔3700 m官兵相比,原驻地海拔500 m官兵的认知功能测试成绩也有降低趋势,其数字广度测试成绩为(17.85±4.43),明显低于原驻地海拔3700 m官兵(19.94±4.73),P0.05。结论进驻高海拔地区对部队官兵睡眠质量和认知功能有负面影响,原驻地海拔500 m部队官兵较原驻地海拔3700 m部队官兵受影响程度更为明显。

COMPARISON OF SLEEP QUALITY AND COGNITIVE FUNCTION BETWEEN TWO FORCES STATIONED AT DIFFERENT ALTITUDE AFTER REACHING HIGHER ALTITUDE

Objective By comparison of the changes in sleep quality and cognitive function of soldiers between two forces stationed at different altitude above sea level,so as to provide the reference for making the sleep safeguarding measures for the army. Methods One hundred and nine soldiers stationed at an altitude of 3700 m（Group A）,and ninety-nine soldiers at 500 m altitude（Group B） were selected to be investigated two weeks after reaching higher altitude（4400 m）. The sleep quality was measured by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index（PSQI）,and the cognitive function by digit span test,digit symbol test and pursuit aiming test. The total score of PSQI≥7 was used as the reference criterion of poor sleep quality. Results The total score of PSQI in Group B（6. 39 ± 3. 13）was higher than in Group A（5. 13 ± 2. 61）,（P〈0. 05）;furthermore,the factor score of subjective sleep quality,sleep latency,sleep duration,sleep efficiency,and sleep disorder in Group B was also higher than in Group A（P〈0. 05）;the detection rate of PSQI total score≥7 in Group A,Group B was 22. 6%,33. 6% respectively（ P〉0. 05）. Cognitive function test showed that the score of digit span in Group B（17. 85 ± 4. 43） was lower than in Group A（19. 94 ± 4. 73）,（P〈0.05）. Conclusion There is certain negative effect on sleep quality and cognitive function of the soldiers after reaching higher altitude,especially of those stationed at lower altitude above sea level.