Three-dimensional CT imaging in the evaluation of fracture of the jaws

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic value of three-dimensional (3-D) image reconstruction of jaw bone fractures in comparison with high-resolution CT scanning. Assessment was made using a simple scoring system and analyzing the effects of factors like slice thickness, fracture site, and displacement of bone fragments. 3-D images proved especially useful in patients with complicated maxillary fractures. Images reconstructed from CT scans obtained with a 2-mm slice thickness were much better than those reconstructed from scans with a 5-mm slice. 3-D images provided very useful data regarding fractures with marked displacement. 3-D images not only outlined the extent of the fractures but revealed differences of the mechanism of injury between the maxilla and the mandible. Although 3-D images do not provide any information that is not already present in the original CT sections, they do present selected volume data in an easily assimilated and familiar anatomical format. The findings suggest that the high-resolution CT scanning and 3-D image reconstruction are complementary procedures.